INTRODUCTION There are only a few reported cases of Salmonella enterica serotype Brandenburg foodborne outbreaks in the literature. In Italy Brandenburg is consistently present among the top ten serotypes from human source, but at low prevalences. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty-five S. Brandenburg isolates from human, animal, environmental and food sources, including twelve isolates from a foodb...

Worldwide, noroviruses are a leading cause of gastroenteritis. They can be transmitted from person to person directly or indirectly through contaminated food, water, or environments. To estimate the proportion of foodborne infections caused by noroviruses on a global scale, we used norovirus transmission and genotyping information from multiple international outbreak surveillance systems (Noron...

background : there are few published studies that use real data testing to examine the performance of outbreak detection methods. the aim of this study was to determine the performance of the exponentially weighted moving average (ewma) in real time detection of a local outbreak in mashhad city, eastern iran . methods : the ewma algorithms (both ewma 1 with λ=0.3 and ewma 2 with λ=0.6) were app...

R egardless of where they get their information from, Americans are very likely to learn almost instantly when­ ever there is an outbreak of bacterial patho­ gens—Salmonella, Listeria, or the “bad” Escherichia coli—from contaminated food products. This is a huge achievement and a great benefit for public health: The earlier this information reaches consumers, the less people will be affected an...

In 2006, a deadly Escherichia coli O157:H7 outbreak in bagged spinach was traced to California's Central Coast region, where >70% of the salad vegetables sold in the United States are produced. Although no definitive cause for the outbreak could be determined, wildlife was implicated as a disease vector. Growers were subsequently pressured to minimize the intrusion of wildlife onto their farm f...

[Eric Ebel] This project was inspired by a manuscript written by John Painter and others at the CDC – that was eventually published in EID in 2013. That paper estimated the fraction of different microbial illnesses that were attributed to different food categories. For example, it provided an estimate of what fraction of Salmonella illnesses were associated with consumption of poultry, beef, po...

BACKGROUND On 21 August 2013, the Event-based Surveillance and Response system of the Department of Health, Philippines captured a foodborne illness event among residents of a coastal village in Eastern Samar, Philippines. The suspected cause was the consumption of a sea turtle found near the village. A team from the Department of Health was sent to conduct an outbreak investigation. METHODS ...