Immediate-early genes (IEGs) are tightly coupled to cellular activity and play a critical role in regulating synaptic plasticity. While encoding spatial experience, hippocampal principal cells express IEGs in a behaviorally dependent and cell-specific manner. This expression can be detected through the use of cellular compartment analysis of temporal activity by fluorescence in situ hybridizati...

Recent evidence suggests that deep-sea vestimentiferan tube worms acquire their endosymbiotic bacteria from the environment each generation; thus, free-living symbionts should exist. Here, free-living tube worm symbiont phylotypes were detected in vent seawater and in biofilms at multiple deep-sea vent habitats by PCR amplification, DNA sequence analysis, and fluorescence in situ hybridization....

OBJECTIVE Our purpose was to determine the maternal and fetal polymorphonuclear contributions to preterm histologic chorioamnionitis and whether this response differs in clinical chorioamnionitis when compared to cases without clinical chorioamnionitis. METHODS Paraffin placenta blocks from 19 preterm deliveries with histologic chorioamnionitis, 9 with clinical chorioamnionitis and 10 without...

Co-expression of a specific group of genes requires physical associations among these genes, which form functional chromosomal contacts. While DNA fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) pinpoints the localization of genes within the 3D nuclear architecture, direct evidence of physical chromosomal contacts is still lacking. Here, we report a method for the direct visualization of transcriptio...

Characterization of all chromosomes of the Andean G19833 bean genotype was carried out by fluorescent in situ hybridization. Eleven single-copy genomic sequences, one for each chromosome, two BACs containing subtelomeric and pericentromeric repeats and the 5S and 45S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) were used as probes. Comparison to the Mesoamerican accession BAT93 showed little divergence, except for add...

A 16S rRNA-targeted, Cy3-labeled oligonucleotide probe was designed to detect members of the genus Bdellovibrio by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Specific hybridization conditions were established; however, the detection of bdellovibrios in environmental samples required enrichment, confirming that Bdellovibrio spp. are not present in large numbers in the environment.

Direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET) between Geobacter species and Methanosaeta species is an alternative to interspecies hydrogen transfer (IHT) in anaerobic digester, which however has not been established in anaerobic sludge digestion as well as in bioelectrochemical systems yet. In this study, it was found that over 50% of methane production of an electric-anaerobic sludge digester ...

Both the sequence of a promoter and the position of a gene in 3D nuclear space play crucial roles in gene regulation, but few studies address their inter-relationship. Using human and viral promoters on mini-chromosomes and RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization coupled to 'high-precision' localization, we show that promoters binding the same transcription factors and responding to the same sig...

Several chromosomal features of Gerreidae fish have been found to be conserved. In this group, it is unclear whether the high degree of chromosomal stasis is maintained when analyzing more dynamic regions of chromosomes, such as rDNA sites that generally show a higher level of variability. Thus, cytogenetic analyses were performed on 3 Atlantic species of the genus Eucinostomus using convention...

A sequencing batch reactor (SBR) seeded with flocculated sludge and fed with synthetic wastewater was operated for an enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) process. Eight weeks after reactor startup, sludge granules were observed. The granules had a diameter of 0.5 to 3.0 mm and were brownish in color and spherical or ellipsoidal in shape. No significant change was observed in sludge gr...