Faulty decision making due to inaccurate or incomplete awareness of the situation tends to be the prevailing cause of fatal general aviation accidents. Of these accidents, loss of weather situational awareness accounts for the largest number of fatalities. We describe a method for improving weather situational awareness through the support of a contextaware, domain and task knowledgeable, perso...

The organization and functional properties of interneurons in the flight system of the locust, Locusta migratoria, were investigated by using intracellular recording and staining techniques. Interneurons were found to be distributed within the three thoracic and the first three abdominal ganglia, and they could be subdivided into three organizational categories: (1) members of one of two serial...

The echolocation sounds of Japanese CF-FM bats (Rhinolophus ferrumequinum nippon) were measured while the bats pursued a moth (Goniocraspidum pryeri) in a flight chamber. Using a 31-channel microphone array system, we investigated how CF-FM bats adjust pulse direction and beam width according to prey position. During the search and approach phases, the horizontal and vertical beam widths were ±...

Previous investigations have reported that space flight may produce a stimulating effect on microbial metabolism; however, the specific underlying mechanisms associated with the observed changes have not yet been identified. In an effort to systematically evaluate the effect of space flight on each phase of microbial growth (lag, exponential and stationary), a series of experiments was carried ...

PURPOSE To determine the sensitivity of time-of-flight and phase-contrast MR angiography for the detection of intracranial aneurysms. METHODS Sixteen patients with 27 intracranial aneurysms previously identified with conventional angiography and 19 control patients were examined with three-dimensional time-of-flight, three-dimensional phase-contrast MR angiography, and standard MR imaging. Su...

We propose a method for the experimental detection of a new quantum phase, the breached-pair state, in a strongly interacting ultracold Fermi gas with population imbalance. We show that through the time-of-flight Raman imaging, the presence of such a phase can be unambiguously determined with a measurement of the momentum-space phase separation of the minority spin component. To guide the exper...

Femtosecond laser vaporization-based mass spectrometry can be used to measure protein conformation in vitro at atmospheric pressure. Cytochrome c and lysozyme are vaporized from the condensed phase into the gas phase intact when exposed to an intense (10(13) W/cm(2)), nonresonant (800 nm), ultrafast (75 fs) laser pulse. Electrospray postionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry reveals that t...

We present a new way to sense atmospheric wave-front phase distortion. Short collimated pulses of laser light at ~350nm are projected from a small auxilliary telescope. Rayleigh scattering from each pulse is recorded over a wide range of height through the main telescope aperture in a continuous sequence of fast video frames by a detector conjugate to mid-height. Phase diversity is thus natural...

Hybrid electric aircraft offer the potential to decrease emissions from air travel. A new hybrid concept is proposed for a fuel cell-battery aircraft. In contrast existing hybrids, puts battery directly on AC phases of motor, which together with suitable switching circuit superimposes DC voltage motor phase providing boost depending voltage, can be used during high-power demand flight phase. Th...

Formerly thought to be a strictly insectivorous trawling bat, recent studies have shown that Myotis capaccinii also preys on fish. To determine whether differences exist in bat flight behaviour, prey handling and echolocation characteristics when catching fish and insects of different size, we conducted a field experiment focused on the last stage of prey capture. We used synchronized video and...