BACKGROUND Jump landing is a complex movement in sports. While competing and practicing, athletes frequently perform multi-planar jump landing. Anticipatory muscle activity could influence the amount of knee flexion and prepare the knee for dynamic weight bearing such as landing tasks. OBJECTIVES The aim of the present study was to examine knee muscle function and knee flexion excursion as at...

Injuries of the sternum are commonly due to either direct violence to the front of the chest or indirect violence from flexion-compression of the spine. Injuries from hyperextension are exceedingly rare and will not be considered further. Nowadays many injuries of the sternum result from road accidents. Crushing injuries are frequently due to the impact of the steering column, and flexion-compr...

background: the cervical spine is the most vulnerable part of the vertebral column and the rotational movements are the most dangerous movements which may cause damages to cervical spine. a good treatment option for the cervical disc disease is the replacement of a damaged disc with an artificial disc that has shown satisfactory clinical results. methods: the c4 to c6 vertebrae of a normal subj...

We present the outcome of the treatment of chronic post-traumatic contractures of the proximal interphalangeal joint by gradual distraction correction using an external fixator. A total of 30 consecutive patients with a mean age of 34 years (17 to 54) had distraction for a mean of 16 days (10 to 22). The fixator was removed after a mean of 29 days (16 to 40). Assessment at a mean of 34 months (...

This study was designed to measure the pressure distribution of the intervertebral disc under different degrees of distraction of the interspinous process, because of a suspicion that the degree of distraction of the spinous process may have a close relationship with the disc load share. Six human cadaver lumbar spine L2-L5 segments were loaded in flexion, neutral position, and extension. The L...

OBJECTIVE To examine the influence of clinical applications of heat and cold on arthrometric laxity measurements of the knee. DESIGN AND SETTING The knee joint was submersed 4 inches above the patella in hot and cold whirlpools containing water of 40 degrees C and 15 degrees C for 20 minutes. A control was also performed to provide a neutral temperature comparison group. SUBJECTS Eight male...

As torso flexion and repetitive lifting are known risk factors for low back pain and injury, it is important to investigate lifting techniques that might reduce injury during repetitive lifting. By normalizing lumbar posture to a subject's range of motion (ROM), as a function of torso flexion, this research examined when subjects approached their range of motion limits during dynamic lifting ta...

BACKGROUND To explore the association between the rupture of posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) and the radial displacement of medial meniscus under the conditions of different flexion and various axial loads. METHODS The radial displacement value of medial meniscus was measured for the specimens of normal adult knee joints, including 12 intact PCLs, 6 ruptures of the anterolateral bundle (ALB...

Cervical spine injuries are a fairly common consequence of mechanical impact on the human body. The subaxial level cervical accounts for approximately half to 2/3 these injuries. Despite numerous classification systems that exist describing injuries, recommendations treatment strategy very limited, and currently none them is universal generally accepted. Consequently, decisions based individual...

The flexed PIP joint presents a particular problem in the treatment of advanced Dupuytren's disease. Following reports of the use of skeletal traction in the treatment of this condition, a simple device, the "Pipster" was developed to extend the PIP joint by skeletal traction before surgery. In seven fingers in five patients with severe contractures, there was a pre-operative improvement of at ...