OBJECTIVE Aphallia is a rare penile congenital abnormality. The aim of this systematic review was to assess all available literature on neophalloplasty in infancy with an interest in technical alternatives and clinical outcome. MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed a Pubmed search using the terms: neophalloplasty, neophallus, and phalloplasty, and selected articles that presented technical alter...

In this paper, the regularities of dislocation pattern formation in single layer heterostructures with low lattice mismatch (f < 1%) are reviewed. The main attention is focused on the recently suggested mechanisms of dislocation nucleation and multiplication. An evolution of dislocation pattern from regular flat misfit dislocation network to the dense three-dimensional one was found to proceed ...

Dislocation junctions and jogs in a free-standing FCC thin film have been studied using 3dimensional dislocation dynamics simulations. Due to the unconstrained motion of surface nodes and dislocation annihilation at the free surface, junctions and jogs are unstable except for some uncommon conditions. If the film thickness is thin enough for a significant portion of dislocation network to be te...

BACKGROUND The pectoralis major myocutaneous (PMMC) flap has been used as a versatile and reliable flap since its first description by Ariyan in 1979. In India head and neck cancer patients usually present in the advanced stage making PMMC flap a viable option for reconstruction. Although free flap using microvascular technique is the standard of care, its use is limited by the availability of ...

OBJECTIVE Theobjective of this study was to determine the indications, utility, advantages and surgical approach for the anteromedial thigh (AMT) flap. MATERIALS AND METHODS We reviewed the records of the patients in whom the AMT flap was used for head and neck reconstruction. We use an anterior approach to harvest the anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap with a non-committal straight line incision...

This study aimed to evaluate the shoulder dislocation following tramadol-induced seizure and its potential difference with other shoulder dislocations. We evaluated six cases that used tramadol tablets and some of them had a history of seizure. All of the cases had shoulder dislocation. According to the findings, tramadol use and tramadol-induced seizure may increase the risk of shoulder disloc...

It is over 20 years since the inaugural deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap breast reconstruction. We review the type of flap utilized and indications in 2,850 microvascular breast reconstruction over the subsequent 20 years in the senior author's practice (Robert J. Allen). Data were extracted from a personal logbook of all microsurgical free flap breast reconstructions performed b...

Eukaryotic Okazaki fragments are initiated by a RNA/DNA primer, which is removed before the fragments are joined. Polymerase delta displaces the primer into a flap for processing. Dna2 nuclease/helicase and flap endonuclease 1 (FEN1) are proposed to cleave the flap. The single-stranded DNA-binding protein, replication protein A (RPA), governs cleavage activity. Flap-bound RPA inhibits FEN1. Thi...

case presentation a 43-year-old man was referred to our institution for a severe aortic regurgitation and an ascending aorta enlargement associated with a relapsing sub-aortic membrane, which had been treated in his childhood. he underwent a redo ascending aorta replacement and an aortic valve replacement (mechanical prosthesis) along with a resection of the relapsing sub-valvular membrane. som...

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to compare postoperative morbidities and functional outcomes of pectoralis major myocutaneous (PMMC) flap and cutaneous free flap reconstruction approaches in hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma patients. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed records from 99 patients who underwent hypopharyngeal reconstruction with a cutaneous free flap (n=85) or PMMC...