The multi-fixed-bed bioreactor “Multiferm” provides a downscaled system for the development of fixed-bed processes with immobilized microorganisms or cells. It consists of twelve single fixed-bed units that can be operated independently. Different bacterial strains, carriers used for immobilization, media or flow rates can be studied in one compact experimental set-up. Experiments can be run in...

The development of tools for the synthesis, design, and optimization biorefineries requires deep knowledge thermochemical processes involved in these schemes. For this project, three models from scientific literature were implemented to simulate processes: fast pyrolysis a fluidized bed, fixed-bed, fluidized-bed gasification using Aspen PlusTM software. These allow user obtain performance, cons...

Groin type and vegetation in groin fields directly affect flow field, bank protection, river evolution. Many studies focus on fixed-bed contexts, but there are few the influence of riverbed changes hydrodynamic characteristics around groins. In this study, three types groins investigated experimentally fixed mobile beds terms time-averaged characteristics, turbulence bed changes. both fixed- mo...

Styrene is an important monomer in the manufacture of thermoplastic. Most of it is produced by the catalytic dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene. In this process that depends on reversible reactions, the yield is usually limited by the establishment of thermodynamic equilibrium in the reactor. The styrene yield can be increased by using a hybrid process, with reaction and separation simultaneously....

Fixed fluidized bed reactor is widely used to evaluate the crackability of heavy oils and the activity of catalysts. To understand the hydrodynamics, reaction kinetics and thermodynamics in conventional and modified fixed fluidized bed reactors, the computational fluid dynamics method, energy-minimization multi-scale-based two-fluid model coupled with a six-lump kinetic model was used to invest...

Incineration of municipal solid waste (MSW) is one of the key scopes in the global clean energy strategy. A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model was established in order to reveal these features of the combustion process in a fixed porous bed of MSW. Transporting equations and process rate equations of the waste bed were modeled and set up to describe the incineration process, according to ...

Fixed-roof tanks are used extensively at manufacturing, waste management, and other facilities to store or process liquids containing volatile organic compounds. Federal and state air standards require the control of organic air emissions from many of these tanks. A common practice used for some fixed-roof tanks that are required to use controls is to vent the tank through an activated carbon c...

In the present time study,dried activated sludge(DAS) and dried activated nano sludge(DANS) was used for the removal of Cu(II) from aqueous solution in a fixed-bed reactor. The effect of important parameters including the flow rate and bed height were examined. Dried activated nano sludge column regeneration using 1 M concentration of HNO3 has been studied.The Thomas model was used for the math...