In the course of running an eye tracking experiment, one computer system or subsystem typically presents the stimuli to the participant and records manual responses, and another collects the eye movement data, with little interaction between the two during the course of the experiment. This article demonstrates how the two systems can interact with each other to facilitate a richer set of exper...

Reading involves saccades and fixations. Misalignment of the eyes should be small enough to allow sensory fusion. Recent studies reported disparity of the eyes during fixations. This study examines disconjugacy, i.e. change in disparity over time, both during saccades and fixations. Text reading saccades and saccades to single targets of similar sizes (2.5 degrees ) are compared. Young subjects...

Previous studies have shown that stress on the vergence and accommodation systems, either artificially induced or naturally occurring, results in small misalignment of the visual axes, reduces binocular visual acuity and produces symptoms of ocular discomfort. This study examines the effect of artificially induced visual stress using ophthalmic prisms on three dimensional perception on 30 optom...

The hypothesis was proved that whole body vibrations transmitted through the seat impair spatial retinal resolution and oculomotor alignment parallel to the vibration axis. More specifically, it was assumed that the decrement increases gradually from single-axis lateral via single-axis vertical and dual-axis linear to dual-axis circular motions. 20 subjects (19-26 yrs, 14 men, 6 women) with goo...

37 38 Motion and binocular disparity are two features in our environment that share a 39 common correspondence problem. Decades of psychophysical research dedicated to 40 understanding stereopsis suggest that these features interact early in human visual 41 processing to disambiguate depth. Single unit recordings in the monkey also provide 42 evidence for the joint encoding of motion and dispar...

It has been suggested that breaking camouflage is one of the major functions of stereopsis (Julesz, 1971). In this study, we found that stereopsis is less effective in breaking camouflage for moving targets than for static ones. Observers were asked to detect a single dot moving on a straight trajectory amidst identical noise dots in random motion. In the three-dimensional (3D) condition, the n...

Three-dimensional (3D)position estimation using a single passive sensor, particularly vision, has frequently suffered from unreliability and has involved complex processing methods. Past research has combined vision with other active sensors in which the emphasis has been on data fusion. This paper attempts to integrate multiple passive 3D cues camera focus, camera vergence and stereo disparity...

Population geneticists remain unsure of the forces driving the evolution of Y chromosomes. Here we consider the possibility that the degeneration of the Y reflects its inability to evolve adaptively. Because the overwhelming majority of favorable mutations on a nonrecombining proto-Y suffer a zero probability of fixation, the fitness of the Y must lag far behind that of the recombining X. At so...

We examined the influence of a variety of visual factors on binocular coordination during saccadic orienting. Some experimental conditions placed similar demands on the oculomotor system as those that occur during reading, but in the absence of linguistic processing. We examined whether saccade target extent, preceding saccade magnitude, preceding saccade direction, and parafoveal availability ...

Much of the link between disparity tuning and distance from the horopter is captured by the ‘sizedisparity correlation’ (Felton, Richards & Smith, 1972; Marr & Poggio, 1979; Schor & Wood, 1983; Schor, Wood & Ogawa, 1984a; Smallman & MacLeod, 1994). By this notion, mechanisms tuned to low spatial frequencies (i.e., those with large receptive fields) code larger disparities, and a larger range of...