BACKGROUND Like many developing countries, Mali has few sources of mortality data. High quality mortality estimates are available from household surveys, such as the demographic and health surveys (DHS), approximately every five years, making it difficult to track progress in reducing mortality. The Rapid Mortality Monitoring (RMM) project in Mali aimed to address this issue by testing a commun...

background: few investigations have focused on the patients with lupus nephritis (ln) and neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (npsle). this study was aimed to investigate the clinical features, mortality, and the predictors for mortality of this group of patients. patients and methods: medical records were retrospectively reviewed in sun yat-sen memorial hospital from 1996 to 2012. da...

Parker (1) has shown that the results of infectivity measurements with vaccinia virus may be interpreted as a Poisson distribution of single infective particles among aliquots of the virus obtained by dilution. Thus, if it may be assumed that there exists a quanti ty of virus invariably necessary and invariably sufficient to produce a lesion in the skin of the rabbit, the behavior on dilution r...

Turkey has initiated a number of projects to improve the quality of education and to provide students with knowledge and skills needed for the job market through the integration of information and communication technology (ICT) into education during the last twenty-five years. This paper is an overview of those initiatives of ICT in education in Turkey. It is argued that more attention is neede...

OBJECTIVE To examine historical estimates of infant and under-five mortality in Afghanistan, provide estimates for rural areas from current population-based data, and discuss the methodological challenges that undermine data quality and hinder retrospective estimations of mortality. METHODS Indirect methods of estimation were used to calculate infant and under-five mortality from a household ...

OBJECTIVE Brazil's large socioeconomic inequalities together with the increase in neonatal mortality jeopardize the MDG-4 child mortality target by 2015. We measured inequality trends in neonatal and under five mortality across municipalities characterized by their socio-economic status in a period where major pro poor policies were implemented in Brazil to infer whether policies and interventi...

abstract background: weather and climate play a significant role in human health. we are accustomed to affects the weather conditions. by increasing or decreasing the environment temperature or change of seasons, some diseases become prevalent or remove. this study investigated the role of temperature in cardiovascular disease mortality of city of mashhad in the current decade and its simulatio...

Background: The Human Development Index (HDI) is a composite statistic of life expectancy, education, and income per capita indicators, which apart from measuring the socio-economic development of countries can predict health outcomes. The current study aimed at determination of the effects of HDI individual components on infant and child mortality. Materials and Methods: At a cross- sectional ...

BACKGROUND Disparities in health outcomes between the poor and the better off are increasingly attracting attention from researchers and policy makers. However, policies aimed at reducing inequity need to be based on evidence of their nature, magnitude, and determinants. OBJECTIVES The study aims to investigate the relationship between household socio-economic status (SES) and under-five mort...