This paper proposes a computational framework for the design optimization of stable structures under large deformations by incorporating nonlinear buckling constraints. A novel strategy suppressing spurious modes related to low-density elements is proposed. The depends on constructing pseudo-mass matrix that assigns small pseudo masses DOFs surrounded only and degenerates an identity solid regi...

the pseudo-elastic behavior of shape memory alloy (sma) truss and cantilever beam are investigated. brinson’s one-dimensional material model, which uses the twinned and detwinned martensite fractions separately as internal variables, is applied in the algorithm to establish the sma stress-strain characteristics. this material model also incorporates different young’s modulus for austenitic and ...