To characterize some of the physiological features of Japanese beef breeds, plasma concentrations of insulin and metabolites and carcass composition were measured in five Japanese Black, five Japanese Brown, and four Holstein steers (6.2 mo; 164 kg). The steers were raised under typical feeding conditions in Japan until they were slaughtered at 600 to 700 kg BW. Blood samples were collected at ...

BACKGROUND Hyperkalemia is a frequently observed electrolyte imbalance in dehydrated neonatal diarrheic calves that can result in skeletal muscle weakness and life-threatening cardiac conduction abnormalities and arrhythmias. HYPOTHESIS Intravenous administration of a small-volume hypertonic NaHCO3 solution is clinically more effective in decreasing the plasma potassium concentration (cK) in ...

The objective of this study was to compare the effects of rearing calves outdoors, with and without all-weather calf jackets, with calves reared indoors on calf immunity and animal performance. In February 1999, male Holstein calves (mean (s.e.) weight 55 (1.90) kg) were randomly assigned to one of three treatments (n=30 per treatment): 1) outdoors with jacket, (J; mean age 19 (s.e. 2.0) days);...

There is limited information on the effects and requirements of specific fatty acids for dairy calves. The starter diet based on corn and soybean meal, which is typical in the United States, is low in C(18:3), and the ratio of C(18:2) to C(18:3) is quite high relative to recommendations for human infants. Additionally, other functional fatty acids (C(20:4), C(20:5), C(22:6)) elongated from C(18...

Nine ruminally and duodenally cannulated (172 +/- 23 kg of initial BW; Exp. 1) and 16 intact (153 +/- 28 kg of initial BW; Exp. 2) crossbred nursing steer calves were used to evaluate the effects of creep feed supplementation and advancing season on intake, digestion, microbial efficiency, ruminal fermentation, and performance while grazing native rangeland. Treatments in both experiments were ...

The aim of this experiment was to better describe early behavioral responses of calves to illness to help improve early detection. We examined the behavior of calves after injections of very low doses of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Fifteen dairy calves of 2 ages (3 and 20 wk), housed in individual pens and fed milk and concentrates with free access to hay and water, were injected i.v. w...

BACKGROUND Castration is one of the most common procedures performed on beef and dairy cattle. The objective of the study was to determine the efficacy of meloxicam oral suspension in reducing pain and inflammation in calves following band or surgical castration. METHODS Two identical trials with the exception of the method of castration (Band Castration Study 1 and Surgical Castration Study ...

A study was conducted to compare neutrophil and monocyte activation in neonatal dairy calves fed fresh or frozen colostrum. Fifteen male Holstein calves were fed either refrigerator-stored, non-maternal colostrum or frozen, non-maternal colostrum. Blood samples were collected at days 2 and 21 of life to determine phagocytic cell function using flow cytometry. Serum immunoglobulin concentration ...

OBJECTIVE To compare three anaesthetic protocols for umbilical surgery in calves regarding adequacy of analgesia, and cardiopulmonary and hormonal responses. STUDY DESIGN Prospective, randomised experimental study. ANIMALS Thirty healthy German Holstein calves (7 female, 23 male) aged 45.9 ± 6.4 days. METHODS All calves underwent umbilical surgery in dorsal recumbency. The anaesthetic pro...

Recommended dosages and durations of treatment are: up to 5000 mg/kg feed or 50 mg/kg bw to calves (oral administration) for up to 5 days; up to 50 mg/kg bw by intramuscular or intravenous injection to cattle, subdivided in two daily treatments for up to 7 days; up to 1000 mg/kg feed or 800 mg/l drinking water (up to 130 mg/kg bw) in poultry (oral administration) for up to 5 days; up to 70 mg/k...