Acinetobacter baumannii is frequently associated with nosocomial infections, and its increasing resistance to carbapenems may significantly reduce the choice of effective antibiotics (2). Since the first description of a carbapenem-hydrolyzing class D -lactamase (CHDL), ARI-1 (renamed OXA-23), from a clinical isolate of A. baumannii in Scotland in 1995 (11), the corresponding blaOXA-23 gene has...

The main purpose of this paper is to evaluate the effect of crude oil price on global fertilizer prices in both the mean and volatility. The endogenous structural breakpoint unit root test, ARDL model, and alternative volatility models, including GARCH, EGARCH, and GJR models, are used to investigate the relationship between crude oil price and six global fertilizer prices. The empirical result...

Introduction ield experience and research demonstrate that manure nutrients can be readily substituted for commercial fertilizer. Fertilizer needs depend on soil test levels. Substituting manure at a lower cost than commercial fertilizer can result in signifi cant savings if relatively uniform application and distribution can be maintained. The less nutrient-dense manure requires more hauling o...

With the goal of improving N fertilizer management to maximize soil organic carbon (SOC) storage and minimize N losses in high-intensity cropping system, a 6-years greenhouse vegetable experiment was conducted from 2004 to 2010 in Shouguang, northern China. Treatment tested the effects of organic manure and N fertilizer on SOC, total N (TN) pool and annual apparent N losses. The results demonst...

Fusarium wilt is one of the main diseases of cucumber, and bio-organic fertilizer has been used to control Fusarium wilt. In this study, a pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of bio-organic fertilizer applied at four levels on the suppression of Fusarium wilt disease in cucumber, the soil physico-chemical properties and the microbial communities. In comparison with the control ...

Three-year-old citrus trees were grown in the greenhouse to study the effects of fertilizer concentration and root herbivory on plant growth and mineral concentration. In separate experiments, sour orange (Citrus aurantium L.) and Swingle citrumelo (C. paradisi Macf. Poncirus trifoliate L.) plants were treated with a complete fertilizer diluted to provide 25, 100, 200, or 400 ppm N and grown fo...

Sweet potato (Solanum tuberosum), a staple tuber crop in parts of the Sudan and Guinea savanna zone of Nigeria is known for its resistance to drought, vigorous early growth and low input requirements. Increase in population which has resulted to land shortages has led to reduction in traditional methods of maintaining soil fertility. Technologies based on combinations of organic and inorganic s...

Bush bean, long bean, mung bean, and winged bean plants were grown with N fertilizer at rates of 0, 2, 4, and 6 g N m(-2) preceding rice planting. Concurrently, rice was grown with N fertilizer at rates of 0, 4, 8, and 12 g N m(-2). No chemical fertilizer was used in the 2nd year of crop to estimate the nitrogen agronomic efficiency (NAE), nitrogen recovery efficiency (NRE), N uptake, and rice ...