The relationship of agency is one of the oldest and commonest codified modes of social interaction. We will say that an agency relationship has arisen between two (or more) parties when one, designated as the agent, acts for, on behalf of, or as representative for the other, designated the principal, in a particular domain of decision problems. Examples of agency are universal. Essentially all ...

abstract: purpose: this paper aims to discuss different aspects of development and increaseding library fundsing is throughbased on service fees. it also attemps to and identifying solutions in this fieldmatter. methodology: in this paper, factors such as the type of library, services, environments and facilities in order needed to develop and implement strategies to for increasing the financia...

Our health care system is failing. Tens of millions of people are uninsured, costs are skyrocketing, and the bureaucracy is expanding. Patchwork reforms succeed only in exchanging old problems for new ones. It is time for basic change in American medicine. We propose a national health program that would (1) fully cover everyone under a single, comprehensive public insurance program; (2) pay hos...

This paper reports on experiments with subjects who must learn to use a small artificially constructed subset language (of English) to interact with a conversational spoken language system. The subjects converse with a collaborative interface agent about tasks involving TV recording and schedule navigation. The subjects perform their tasks in two conditions, one with contextually appropriate he...

This paper examines the impact of group purchasing organizations (GPOs) on healthcare8 product supply chains. The supply chain we examine consists of a profit-maximizing manufacturer with a 9 quantity-discount schedule that is nonincreasing in quantity and ensures nondecreasing revenue, a profit10 maximizing GPO, a competitive source selling at a fixed unit price, and n providers (e.g., hospita...

This study examines how the timing of waste disposal fee collection affects producer’s choice built-in product durability and social welfare in a durable-goods monopoly model. We categorize policies into two: advance (ADF) policy (DF) policy. show that DF has two opposing effects on durability. Firstly, gives producer an incentive to increase order delay households’ discount future payments (th...

The purpose of this study is to compile trends for physician reimbursement, hospital inpatient and outpatient reimbursement the 10 most common orthopaedic sports surgeries based on national payment amounts. Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes Medicare Severity–Diagnosis Related Group (MS-DRG) were identified. Utilizing CPT codes, Physician Fee Schedule (MPFS) was utilized obtain amount r...