Objective Many industries struggle with training dynamic risk assessment, and how to bridge the gap between safety behavior in real life scenarios. In this article, we focus on assessment during a mooring operation investigate potential value of using immersive virtual reality (VR) simulations compared standard procedures an international maritime organization. Methods pilot study, two ways imp...

An experimental study was designed to examine cognitive biases within forensic anthropological non-metric methods in assessing sex, ancestry and age at death. To investigate examiner interpretation, forty-one non-novice participants were semi randomly divided into three groups. Prior to conducting the assessment of the skeletal remains, two of the groups were given different extraneous contextu...

Instructional design theories such as the cognitive load theory (CLT) or the cognitive theory of multimedia learning (CTML) explain learning difficulties in (computer-based) learning usually as a result of design deficiencies that hinder effective schema construction. However, learners often struggle even in well-designed learning environments. In this theoretical paper, I will argue that cogni...

In cognitive load theory (CLT), the role of different types is still under debate. Intrinsic (ICL) and germane (GCL) are assumed to be highly interlinked but provide perspectives. While ICL mirrors externally given task affordances which learners experience passively, resources invested by learner actively. Extraneous (ECL) also experienced passively. The distinction passively actively was insp...

Complex yet hierarchical mathematical material in fact does not mean that the process of schema acquisition and accommodation long-term memory is easy. For an instance, year seven students learn to solve problems related compound area quadrilaterals triangles. This problem may be categorized as a well-structured problem, therefore, it might procedurally obvious reach solution, for those who hav...

Load theory predicts that concurrent cognitive load impairs selective attention. For visual stimuli, it has been shown that this impairment can be selective: Distraction was specifically increased when the stimulus material used in the cognitive load task matches that of the selective attention task. Here, we report four experiments that demonstrate such selective load effects for auditory sele...