Few airborne aerosol research experiments have deployed N2-Raman Lidar despite its capability to retrieve aerosol optical properties without ambiguity. Here, we show the high scientific potential of this instrument when used with specific flight plans. Our demonstration is based on (i) a field-experiment conducted in June 2015 in southern France, involving a N2-Raman Lidar embedded on an ultra-...

We present a generalized table of extinction coefficient data for silver nanoparticles from 8 to 100 nm. This table allows for easy and quick estimation of the concentration and size of modified and mono-dispersed silver nanoparticles from their optical spectra. We obtained data by determining the silver content of citrate-stabilised silver nanoparticles using sodium cyanide to dissolve the nan...

In a subdivided population, local extinction and subsequent recolonization affect the fate of alleles. Of particular interest is the interaction of this force with natural selection. The effect of selection can be weakened by this additional source of stochastic change in allele frequency. The behavior of a selected allele in such a population is shown to be equivalent to that of an allele with...

Introduction: The basolateral amygdala (BLA) and infralimbic area (IL) of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) are two interconnected brain structures that mediate both fear memory expression and extinction. Besides the well-known role of the BLA in the acquisition and expression of fear memory, projections from IL to BLA inhibit fear expression and have a critical role in fear extinction. Howev...

the experimental was split plot in a randomized complete block design with three replications. in this experiment, different levels of nitrogen in the main plots included four levels (0, 50, 100 and 150 n) kg.ha-1 urea and wheat varieties, including cultivars, sepahan and sw were placed in the subplots. results showed that nitrogen fertilizer and cultivar were significant effects on maximum lig...

The experimental was split plot in a randomized complete block design with three replications. In this experiment, different levels of nitrogen in the main plots included four levels (0, 50, 100 and 150 N) kg.ha-1 urea and wheat varieties, including cultivars, Sepahan and SW were placed in the subplots. Results showed that nitrogen fertilizer and cultivar were significant effects on ...

We propose a new phenomenological law for the shape of the spectral lines in the infrared, which accounts for the exponential decay of the extinction coefficient in the high-frequency region, observed in many spectra. We apply this law to the measured infrared spectra of LiF, NaCl, and MgF2, finding good agreement over a wide range of frequencies.

An abstract should be given Exact analytic solutions are derived for radiation in time-dependent relativistic flows. The flows are spherically-symmetric homologous explosions or implosions of matter with a grey extinction coefficient. The solutions are suitable for testing numerical transfer codes, and this is illustrated for a fully relativistic Monte Carlo code.

This paper presents an efficient algorithm to sample free path in inhomogeneous participating media. The method is based on the concept of mixing “virtual” particles to the medium, that complete the extinction coefficient to a piece-wise constant function. We use the sampling formulae developed for piece-wise homogeneous medium, but decide randomly whether a real or a virtual particle is hit.