On January 19, 2017, the Office for Human Research Protections (OHRP), Department of Health and Human Services, and 15 federal agencies published a final rule to modernize the Federal Policy for the Protection ofHumanSubjects (knownas the “CommonRule”).1 Initially introduced more than a quarter century ago, the CommonRulepredatedmodern scientificmethodsand findings, notably human genome researc...

n engl j med 377;16 nejm.org October 19, 2017 treatment and overestimate its likelihood for success, paving the way for later regret if the outcome is poor. Patients who choose elective procedures while in a hot state and end up with a bad outcome may be at particular risk for regret due to commission bias. Some researchers believe that the relationship of regret to either action or inertia mus...

This paper studies the relationship between intellectual property rights (IPR) and the entry modes decision by multinational firms. A model is developed allowing firms to choose among export, foreign direct investment (FDI), and licensing. Firms in the recipient country may imitate the technology, and their abilities to do so depend both on the nature of each mode and on the level of IPR protec...

language is primarily constituted by action and interaction based on sensorimotor information. this paper demonstrates the nature of subjectivity and intersubjectivity through the neural mechanism and typological evidence of sentence-final particles from east asian languages and extends to the discussion of the relationship between them. i propose that intersubjecivity is a kind of embedded or ...

In 2013, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services modified the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act Privacy Rule to "strengthen privacy and security protections" while "improving workability and effectiveness to increase flexibility for and decrease burden on regulated entities." In this article, we attempt to translate these generalized goals into the real-world implicat...

Information is quickly becoming one of the main assets in corporate life. This paper attempts to study the relationship between the law and information. The questions posed are (1) can information be considered as property (2) How does this answer effect the legal practitioners and business (3) Is the legal point of view compatible with the everyday actions of business today?