BACKGROUND For HIV-serodiscordant couples, integrated delivery of antiretroviral therapy (ART) for HIV-positive partners and time-limited pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for negative partners virtually eliminates HIV transmission. Standardized messaging, sensitive to the barriers and motivators to HIV treatment and prevention, is needed for widespread scale-up of this approach. METHODS Within...

BACKGROUND Several cluster-randomized trials are underway to investigate the implementation and effectiveness of a universal test-and-treat strategy on the HIV epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa. We consider nesting studies of pre-exposure prophylaxis within these trials. Pre-exposure prophylaxis is a general strategy where high-risk HIV- persons take antiretrovirals daily to reduce their risk of i...

OBJECTIVE In France, indications for pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV prevention are based on individual-level risk factors for HIV infection. However, the risk of HIV infection may also depend on characteristics of sexual partnerships. Here we study how place-based selection of partners change transmission and the overall efficiency of PrEP. METHODS We used the PREVAGAY survey of sexu...

The history of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is notable for being a community rather than industry-driven development. This talk will review this history, covering factors that include community demand, study results, regulatory challenges, commercial interests and practical issues of public health. It will also look at some of the controversies that appear to limit broader access, and import...

0824 New approaches to HIV/AIDS prevention are urgently needed to stem the estimated 5 million new infections that occur worldwide each year. One such promising, novel intervention has been the proposed use of the oral antiretroviral drug tenofovir (Viread) as a pre-exposure prophylaxis (PREP) in high-risk groups (for example, uninfected women who have high-risk commercial sex). However, emergi...

Average HIV-1 virulence appears to have evolved in different directions in different host populations since antiretroviral therapy first became available, and models predict that HIV drugs can select for either higher or lower virulence, depending on how treatment is administered. However, HIV virulence evolution in response to "leaky" therapy (treatment that imperfectly suppresses viral replic...

We present the updated British Association for Sexual Health and HIV guidelines for HIV post-exposure prophylaxis following sexual exposure (PEPSE). This document includes a review of the current data to support the use of PEPSE, considers how to calculate the risks of infection after a potential exposure, and provides recommendations on when PEPSE should and should not be considered. We also r...

The intention of this Position Statement is to inform UK healthcare workers on the role of antiretroviral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in the setting of the UK HIV epidemic, so that they can have an informed discussion with their patients. Recent results from clinical trials of PrEP have made it imperative to investigate whether this biomedical tool will have a useful part to play in HIV pre...

In a nonrandomized study of nonoccupational postexposure prophylaxis (PEP), a cross-sectional evaluation of subjects who were the source of human immunodeficiency (HIV) exposure was performed to characterize partners of index subjects seeking nonoccupational PEP against HIV. Among 401 index subjects, 64 (16%) recruited a source subject. Those in a steady relationship and those who knew that the...

BACKGROUND HIV counseling and testing, HIV prevention and provision of HIV care and support are essential activities to reduce the burden of HIV among patients with TB, and should be integrated into routine TB care. METHODS The development of training materials to promote HIV services for TB patients involved the definition of target health care workers (HCWs); identification of required task...