The relationship between native and exotic richness has mostly been studied with respect to space (i.e., positive at larger scales, but negative or more variable at smaller scales) and its temporal patterns have rarely been investigated. Although some studies have monitored the temporal trends of both native and exotic richness, how these two groups of species might be related to each other and...

■ Abstract Bees are generally regarded as beneficial insects for their role in pollination, and in the case of the honeybee Apis mellifera, for production of honey. As a result several bee species have been introduced to countries far beyond their home range, including A. mellifera, bumblebees (Bombus sp.), the alfalfa leafcutter bee Megachile rotundata, and various other solitary species. Poss...

Species that have been introduced to islands experience novel and strong selection pressures after establishment. There is evidence that exotic species diverge from their native source populations; further, a few studies have demonstrated adaptive divergence across multiple exotic populations of a single species. Exotic birds provide a good study system, as they have been introduced to many loc...

Invasive exotic plants are aggressively competing with native plant species in Florida. In some situations, infested habitats will no longer support native wildlife, and endangered plants and animals are being pushed closer to extinction. Managers of these natural areas are finding herbicide treatments to be the most effective and economical way to control exotic plants with minimal risk to nat...

We used 116 years of floral and faunal records from Mandarte Island, British Columbia, Canada, to estimate the indirect effects of humans on plant communities via their effects on the population size of a surface-nesting, colonial seabird, the Glaucous-winged gull (Larus glaucescens). Comparing current to historical records revealed 18 extirpations of native plant species (32% of species histor...

Land use and human occupation within the natural habitats of the Pantanal have facilitated introduction of invasive species of plants and animals, including domestic species. Exotic species threaten regional biodiversity because they modify ecological community structure, alter natural habitats and affect local biodiversity. An international organisation, the International Union for Conservatio...

Exotic plant invasions are threatening biodiversity and altering fundamental ecosystem properties and processes worldwide. Escape from native insect herbivores is believed to be one of the primary causes contributing to the successful invasion of many introduced plants. With biotic homogenization increasing globally, studies that examine the effects of herbivores on both native and introduced s...

Introduction Pharmacokinetic studies in exotic small mammals are lacking and, therefore, most of the dosages used in these species are based on empirical data, observations, and experience. Because drug uptake depends on factors such as age, sex, physiology, disease state, diet, etc., it is important for us as veterinarians to know some of the pharmacobiologic, physiologic, and anatomic charact...

Both human-related and natural factors can affect the establishment and distribution of exotic species. Understanding the relative role of the different factors has important scientific and applied implications. Here, we examined the relative effect of human-related and natural factors in determining the richness of exotic bird species established across Europe. Using hierarchical partitioning,...

The proportion of exotic species (the exotic fraction) on islands has been reported to be almost three times that of mainland sites of similar size (Lonsdale, 1999). The disproportionately larger fraction of exotic species has been cited as indicating that islands are highly vulnerable to invasion (Elton, 1958; but see Bellemain & Ricklefs, 2008). Although the generality of this claim has been ...