The 5 -AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a multisubstrate serine/threonine protein kinase that is ubiquitously expressed and functions as an intracellular fuel sensor activated by depletion of high energy phosphate compounds. The α2 isoform is by far the most abundant in skeletal muscle, representing at least 66% of total AMPK activity. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect...

Exhaustive exercise results in inflammation and oxidative stress, which can damage tissue. Previous studies have shown that vitamin D has both anti-inflammatory and antiperoxidative activity. Therefore, we aimed to test if vitamin D could reduce the damage caused by exhaustive exercise. Rats were randomized to one of four groups: control, vitamin D, exercise, and vitamin D+exercise. Exercised r...

We investigated the protective effect of Erythropoietin (EPO) analogue rHuEPO on renal injury induced by acute exhaustive exercise in the rat. Rats were randomly allocated to one of 3 groups: normal control (C), exhaustive exercise test (ET) and EPO pre-treatment (rHuEPO 2 000 U/kg) plus ET (EPO+ET). Compared with controls, animals in the ET group had increased serum urea nitrogen, serum creati...

PURPOSE The central fatigue hypothesis suggests that exhaustion, or the maximum level of exercise, induces excessive stress and increases serotonin concentrations in the brain, which in turn decreases central nervous system (CNS) function and induces fatigue. Our aim was to determine the effects of colostrum serum on the serotonergic system in the dorsal raphe nuclei during exhaustive exercise....

Automated, exhaustive exploration of game levels is typically based on simple, greedy coverage heuristics, or is directedmore at the problem of locating dynamic targets. In this paper, we present and analyze a method for creating an exploratory tour guaranteed to uncover all parts of a 2D map. First, a set of camera points that collectively ensure full coverage are chosen. A tour visiting these...

We propose an exact method for generating random deviates from continuous order statistics. This versatile method that generates Beta deviates as a middle step can be applied to any density function without resorting to numerical inversion. We also conduct an exhaustive investigation to document the merits of our method in generating deviates from any Beta distribution.

the purpose of this research was to compare the effect of an exhaustive exercise session on the concentration of serum testosterone and cortisol and cortisol/testosterone ratio in the morning and the evening in female volleyball players. for this purpose, 12 female volleyball players (mean age 23.26 years, mean weight 58.8 kg, mean height 166.49 cm and at least four years of activity) participa...

Background: The beneficial properties of tea polyphenols have been extensively studied; however, less attention has been paid to their effects, especially anti-inflammatory effect during exhaustive exercise. Objective: The present study assessed the potential protective effects of tea polyphenols against the fatigue, inflammation and tissue injury caused by an exhaustive exercise bout in rats. ...