Remote distribution of optical frequency references, based on multifrequency sources such as femtosecond frequency combs, holds many advantages over its single-frequency counterpart. However, characterizing the excess noise caused by the transmission links or external perturbations in a multifrequency scheme posts new challenges. We have experimentally demonstrated direct measurement of excess ...

The relationship between magnetic and mechanical properties has been studied as a function of composition, atmosphere and temperature for a series of MnZn ferrites. When processed in air, strength and permeability are critically dependent upon the formation of Md+ and ~ e ' + on sintering, and residual stresses introduced via subsequent (re)oxidation upon cooling. In Fe deficient femtes, proper...

BACKGROUND Patients with aerophagia are believed to have excessive belches due to air swallowing. Intraluminal impedance monitoring has made it possible to investigate the validity of this concept. METHODS The authors measured oesophageal pH and electrical impedance before and after a meal in 14 patients with excessive belching and 14 healthy controls and identified patterns of air transport ...

EGR and excess-air dilution have been investigated in a 1.5 L four cylinders gasoline direct injection (GDI) turbocharged engine equipped with prechamber. The influences of the two different technologies on performance are explored. results show that at 2400 rpm 12 bar, can adopt more aggressive ignition advanced angle to achieve optimal combustion phasing. However, has greater fuel economy tha...

Abstract One of the most critical factors affecting boiler efficiency and hazardous-gas-emission reduction is volume excess air mixed with fuel. A knowledge-based approach proposed to model a 320-MW natural-gas-fired steam power plant in Isfahan, Iran by applying fuzzy-modelling techniques control efficiency. This based on fuel entering boiler. First, fuzzy-model structure identified fuzzy rule...