We present a first, broad-scale typology of extended reported speech, examples lexicalised or grammaticalised speech constructions without regular quotation meaning. These typically include meanings that are conceptually close to such as think want , but also interpretations do not appear have an obvious conceptual relation with talking, cause begin . Reported may therefore reflect both concept...

This paper is a study of the use four adverbs high perceivability, manifestly, noticeably, patently and visibly (MNP&V), with expressions loaded evaluative meanings belonging to Appraisal category Attitude. The starts characterization MNP&V in terms their manner evidentiality also as devices Engagement within framework. Next, an analysis carried out occurrences British National Corpus, Attitude...