Pay-TV piracy in Europe is affecting the legal providers of Pay-TV services. This paper describes the main players in the European Pay-TV market, the Conditional Access Systems (CAS) used in the European Union (EU 15), the European PayTV piracy market, and the most important technologies used. The paper then discusses the effects of Pay-TV piracy on the CAS providers and Pay-TV service provider...

1. The adverse effects of the transaction on the building of the European energy market_____________7 The erection of dual fuel barriers to entry as an obstacle to the European internal energy market ____8 Fewer incentives for the Europeanisation of energy companies _______________________________9 A likely decrease in cooperation to achieve the construction of the European internal market ____...

First Annual NAFTA Market Integration Workshop Cancun, Mexico May 6-7, 2004 Session II: European perspective on market integration: Lessons for NAFTA Session II has as its primary objective to learn from the steps the European Union has taken to integrate markets and the related accomplishments. Implications should be drawn for NAFTA. In particular, the paper and subsequent discussion should ad...

This paper investigates the impacts of the liberalisation of the European electricity market. We apply a game theoretic modelling framework in order to assess the economic consequences of different market behaviour. It turns out that, because of different developments of European countries, some countries benefit substantially by strategic market behaviour whereas others could also profit from ...

References 93 VI 1 Introduction Unemployment is still a central problem in European economies and an abiding theme in labour market policy. In the 1990s, in the European Union, rising unemployment led to an European employment policy and a new section on employment was introduced into the Amsterdam Treaty signed in October 1997. In the same year, the European Employment Strategy (EES) was initi...

Electricity market liberalization aims to boost competition at the level of each member state as well as within the European Union (EU). Therefore, observing the strategic behavior of the market players (e.g. related to net access, cooperation or refusal to collaborate, etc.) becomes crucial. There are different mathematical models for describing the behaviour of a competitive market. For the s...

Long-term comovements of national stock markets in three EMS (European Monetary System) countries—France, Germany and Italy—are examined. The EMS stock markets are found to display long-term comovements governed by two common permanent components. To identify some interpretable sources of such long-term market comovements, the study explores whether they can be linked to similar comovements in ...

There are two common methods for pricing European call options on a stock with known dividends. The market practice is to use the Black-Scholes formula with the stock price reduced by the present value of the dividends. An alternative approach is to increase the strike price with the dividends compounded to expiry at the risk-free rate. These methods correspond to different stock price models a...