An ideal I of a ring R is called right Baer-ideal if there exists an idempotent e 2 R such that r(I) = eR. We know that R is quasi-Baer if every ideal of R is a right Baer-ideal, R is n-generalized right quasi-Baer if for each I E R the ideal In is right Baer-ideal, and R is right principaly quasi-Baer if every principal right ideal of R is a right Baer-ideal. Therefore the concept of Baer idea...

for any reduced commutative $f$-ring with identity and bounded inversion, we show that a condition which is obviously necessary for the socle of the ring to coincide with the socle of its bounded part, is actually also sufficient. the condition is that every minimal ideal of the ring consist entirely of bounded elements. it is not too stringent, and is satisfied, for instance, by rings of conti...

Learning, memory, and social behavior are innate properties of the honeybee that are essential for the survival of each individual as well as for the survival of the hive. The small, accessible brain of the honeybee and the availability of the complete sequence of its genome make this social insect an ideal model for studying the connection between learning, memory, and social behavior.

We prove that the essential spectrum of the operator obtained by linearization about a steady state of the Euler equations governing the motion of inviscid ideal fluid in dimension two is a vertical strip whose width is determined by the maximal Lyapunov exponent of the flow induced by the steady state.

Good quality referral information provides hospice staff with essential information at a time when patients are particularly vulnerable. An Ideal Referral Criteria tool for measuring the quality of general practitioners' information was piloted at one hospice site. Overall inter-rater reliability was 90%, with individual categories ranging from 19% to 34%. Cronbach's alpha was 0.35. Further psy...

Let C(X) be the ring of real continuous functions on a completely regular Hausdorff space. In this paper an almost discrete space is determined by the algebraic structure of C(X). The intersection of essential weak ideal in C(X) is also studied.

in this paper we study some results on noetherian semigroups. we  show that if  $s_s$ is an  strongly  faithful $s$-act and $s$ is a duo weakly noetherian, then we have the following.