Nutritional deficiency of folate and its further depletion with chemotherapy is common in children with ALL, especially in countries with high prevalence of malnutrition and lack of folate fortification [2]. Despite a documented higher infection-related deaths during induction, and interruption of maintenance chemotherapy in folate deficient children, the theoretical concern of increased relaps...

BACKGROUND This study evaluated patterns of pharmacotherapy in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) as they relate to recommended guidelines in a prevalent COPD patient population with employer-sponsored health insurance in the US. METHODS Health care claims data from 2007 and 2008 were retrospectively analyzed for the study population defined as patients aged 40 years and older, cont...

In industries machine maintenance is used in order to avoid untimely machine fails as well as to improve production effectiveness. This research regards a permutation flow shop scheduling problem with aging and learning effects considering maintenance process. In this study, it is assumed that each machine may be subject to at most one maintenance activity during the planning horizon. The objec...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the long-term safety, tolerability, and effectiveness of single-entity extended-release hydrocodone in opioid-experienced subjects with moderate to severe chronic pain not receiving adequate pain relief or experiencing intolerable side effects from their current opioid. METHODS This multicenter, open-label study started with a conversion/titration phase (≤6 weeks) where ...

The thionamide drugs, i.e. carbimazole and its metabolite methimazole (MMI), andpropylthiouracil (PTU) have extensively been used in the management of various forms ofhyperthyroidism over the past eight decades. This review aims to summarize different aspectsof these outstanding medications. Thionamides have shown their own acceptable efficacy andeven safety profiles in ...

The proteoglycans, especially the large chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan aggrecan, have long been viewed as important components of the extracellular matrix of cartilage. The drastic change in expression during differentiation from mesenchyme to cartilage, the loss of tissue integrity associated with proteoglycan degradation in several disease processes and, most important, the demonstration of...