We studied mechanical ventilatory constraints in 13 aerobically trained (Tr) and 11 untrained (UT) prepubescent children by plotting the exercise flow-volume (F-V) loops within the maximal F-V loop (MFVL) measured at rest. The MFVL allowed to determine forced vital capacity (FVC) and maximal expiratory flows. Expiratory and inspiratory reserve volumes relative to FVC (ERV/FVC and IRV/FVC, respe...

We have developed a method for the measurement of respiratory resistance and specific airways conductance (s.Gaw) using the forced airflow oscillation method, and have used it to study the effects of halothane and enflurane on airway mechanics in anaesthetized patients. Resistance (i?ra) was determined over a range of lung volumes and s.Gaw was obtained by computer-aided analysis of the hyperbo...

UNLABELLED Retroviruses enter host cells through the interaction of their envelope (Env) protein with a cell surface receptor, which triggers the fusion of viral and cellular membranes. The sodium-dependent neutral amino acid transporter ASCT2 is the common receptor of the large RD114 retrovirus interference group, whose members display frequent env recombination events. Germ line retrovirus in...

Health status is determined by both host and environmental factors. Among the environmental factors, outdoor air pollution has recently received attention for its public health importance. Increasing urbanization and unprecedented vehicular growth in developing countries such as India exacerbate air quality culminating in polluted environment. There is good evidence that the health of 900 milli...

BACKGROUND Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) are genetic fossils of ancient retroviral integrations that remain in the genome of many organisms. Most loci are rendered non-functional by mutations, but several intact retroviral genes are known in mammalian genomes. Some have been adopted by the host species, while the beneficial roles of others remain unclear. Besides the obvious possible immunogen...

t T he concept of endophenotypes, introduced almost 4 decades ago, has become increasingly important in the study of complex neuropsychiatric diseases. Endophenotypes are easurable, but not overtly observable, constructs in the pathway rom genetic variation to psychiatric disorder. As originally concepualized, endophenotypes must: 1) be associated with illness in the opulation; 2) be heritable;...

The purpose of this study was to provide a guideline for the selection technologies suitable ASHRAE international climate zones when designing high-performance buildings. In study, were grouped as passive, active, and renewable energy systems. Energy saving comprising 15 cases categorized into EnergyPlus v9.5.0 used analyze contribution each technology in reducing primary consumption. consumpti...

Leishmania parasites include important pathogens and model organisms are even used for the production of recombinant proteins. However, functional genomics characterization essential genes often limited in because low-throughput technologies gene disruption or tagging absence components RNA interference. Here, we tested T7 polymerase-dependent CRISPR-Cas9 system by Beneke et al. glmS ribozyme-b...