A cross-sectional study evaluated 182 students in the last two years of medical school and 70 residents of a national hospital in Peru on the risk indicators used for reporting results in clinical trials. A questionnaire was used to assess the ability to recognize and calculate risk indicators most widely used in the epidemiological literature. From the participants, 19.4% did not recognize any...

Bagging [1] is a technique that tries to improve a learning algorithm's performance by using bootstrap replicates of the training set [5, 4]. The computational requirements for estimating the resultant generalization error on a test set by means of cross-validation are often prohibitive for leave-one-out cross-validation one needs to train the underlying algorithm on the order of m times, where...

A novel method of estimating the BER performance of finite length turbo codes in a binary AWGN channel is proposed. We consider the asymptotes of BER performance at low and high Eb N0 resulted from the small and large extrinsic values, respectively. The BER performance curve transitions between two asymptotes in the waterfall region, where the transition probability is approximately obtained by...

In this paper, we study nite volume schemes for the nonhomogeneous scalar conservation law u t +divF(x; t; u) = q(x; t; u) with initial condition u(x; 0) = u 0 (x). The source term may be either stii or nonstii. In both cases, we prove error estimates between the approximate solution given by a nite volume scheme (the scheme is totally explicit in the nonstii case, semi-implicit in the stii cas...

Ridge estimate has been suggested as an alternative to the maximum likelihood estimate in the presence of collinearity among the elements of unobservable values in measurement error models. This paper studies the local influence of minor perturbations on the ridge estimate in the measurement error model. The diagnostics under the perturbation of variance and explanatory variables are considered...