[1] The largest channels on Mars are the Northwestern Slope Valleys (NSVs) of Tharsis, which have previously been interpreted as the probable erosional trace of catastrophic flooding. It is argued here that ice-streaming within ancient ice sheets emplaced by atmospheric precipitation at high mean obliquity may instead account for these channels, explaining similarities between the region and te...

The extent of the burnt zone has been established by drilling. The thickest section, about 75 metres deep, underlies the Dry Lake gulch near the base of the coal measures. Other profiles of the bllrnt zone give an average thickness of about 25 metres, although thinning and some discontinuity is appartlnt. The present area of the burnt zone amounting to about 3.5 square kilometres is evidently o...

We present the stratigraphy, lithology, volcanology, and age of the Acahualinca section in Managua, including a famous footprint layer exposed in two museum pits. The ca. 4-m-high walls of the main northern pit (Pit I) expose excellent cross sections of Late Holocene volcaniclastic deposits in northern Managua. We have subdivided the section into six lithostratigraphic units, some of which we c...

The singular events which occurred at the initiation of the Flood should have produced a geologic signature with at least five characteristics: (a) a mechanical-erosional discontinuity (ED) identified by regional structural analysis—probably the most significant unconformity in any given area; (b) a time or age discontinuity (AD) identified by coarse sediments above the erosional unconformity c...

We report the direct observation of a peculiar lava channel that was formed near the base of a parasitic cone during the 2001 eruption on Mount Etna. Erosive processes by flowing lava are commonly attributed to thermal erosion. However, field evidence strongly suggests that models of thermal erosion cannot explain the formation of this channel. Here, we put forward the idea that the essential e...