Relapsed herpes simplex virus (HSV) encephalitis after neurosurgery is a very rare condition. An 11-year-old boy suffered from relapsed HSV encephalitis five days after neurosurgery to remove the epileptogenic focus six years after prior HSV encephalitis. He was diagnosed with HSV encephalitis reactivation after positive HSV polymerase chain reaction results following a lumbar puncture, and thi...

Bye et al. in 1993 first described the pathological findings in a patient with celiac disease (CD), bilateral occipital calcifications, and drug-resistant epilepsy who became seizure-free after extensive occipital resection. We report a case with an identical anatomoclinical condition in which surgical removal of the circumscribed calcified lesion was ineffective and epilepsy worsened until a g...

The neuronal synchronous discharging may cause an epileptic seizure. Currently, most of the studies conducted to investigate the mechanism of epilepsy are based on EEGs or functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) recorded during the ictal discharging or the resting-state, and few studies have probed into the dynamic patterns during the inter-ictal discharging that are much easier to record ...

Positron emission tomography (PET) of glucose metabolism is often applied for the localization of epileptogenic brain regions, but hypometabolic areas are often larger than or can miss epileptogenic cortex in nonlesional neocortical epilepsy. The present study is a three-dimensional brain surface analysis designed to demonstrate the functional relation between glucose PET abnormalities and epil...

A reduction in GABAergic neurotransmission has been put forward as a pathophysiological mechanism for human epilepsy. However, in slices of human epileptogenic neocortex, GABAergic inhibition can be clearly demonstrated. In this article we present data showing an increase in the functional lability of GABAergic inhibition in epileptogenic tissue compared with nonepileptogenic human tissue. We h...

PET and SPECT are valuable clinical tools in the management of patients with medically resistant, partial epilepsy who are under evaluation for surgical treatment. The value of PET for localization of seizure activity has been fi rmly established for patients with temporal lobe epilepsy and extratemporal lobe epilepsy. It is a very useful test partly because it is non-invasive. The localizing v...

There is an uncertainty regarding the time period for seizures onset and the possible role of tissue changes for constituting an epileptogenic focus in intractable seizures following head trauma. MT MRI was performed in 44 individuals (13 controls, and 31 with seizures from 1-10 years following trauma) to assess the severity of tissue damage and its relationship with intractability. The group w...

Background/introduction Temporal lobe epilepsy remains a significant cause of disabling morbidity. Patients that are refractory to medical treatment are often considered for invasive surgery to remove the epileptogenic focus originating from the structures of the medial temporal lobe. A range of surgical options now exist with varying degrees of efficacy. The goal of any surgical intervention i...

UNLABELLED Magnetoencephalography (MEG) is suggested as a localizing technique of epileptogenic areas in drug-resistant seizure patients due to intracraneal lesions. A male 42-year-old patient who begins at 26 with partial complex drug-resistant seizures is put forward. MRI shows a 9 mm diameter lesion located in left superior temporal gyrus which seems compatible with cavernoma. Both conventio...

Post traumatic epilepsy is the development of recurrent seizures following head trauma and has a high clinical relevance. Several risk factors including some genetic factors increase the susceptibility of post traumatic epilepsy. The precise mechanisms of epileptogenesis in post-traumatic epilepsy are still poorly understood. Many structural, physiologic and biochemical changes in the brain may...