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BACKGROUND Primary spinal osseous tumors are rare, yet they represent a difficult treatment paradigm because of the complexities of tumor resection and significant resistance to chemotherapy and radiation therapy. The geographic distribution of primary spinal osseous tumors throughout the world appears to be quite variable, with a very low incidence reported in Asian countries. METHODS Data o...

INTRODUCTION We carried out an epidemiological review of cholera in Singapore to determine its trends and the factors contributing to its occurrence. MATERIALS AND METHODS Epidemiological data of all notified cases of cholera maintained by the Communicable Diseases Division, Ministry of Health, for the period 1992 to 2007 were collated and analysed. Case-control studies were carried out in ou...

In this review we discuss the epidemiological, clinical, and genetic characteristics of early-onset parkinsonism, defined as parkinsonism starting before age 40 (sometimes 50) years. Juvenile parkinsonism is very rare and is the result of various secondary or genetic causes. In patients with onset at or above age 21 years, secondary causes require exclusion but are rare; most cases with a fairl...

OBJECTIVES Currently, the incidence of scrub typhus has increased in urban areas. In this study, we described the epidemiological characteristics of scrub typhus cases reported in the urban areas of Korea in 2009. METHODS We analysed the case investigation reports of scrub typhus cases that were collected in Korea in 2009. Specially, the different risk factors such as fieldwork and outdoor ac...