BACKGROUND Launched by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in 1998, the High Production Volume (HPV) Challenge Program was developed to address the perceived gap in basic hazard information for the 2,800 chemicals produced or imported into the United States in quantities of ≥ 1 million pounds per year. Health and environmental effects data obtained from either existing information or...

Susceptibility to chemical toxins has not been adequately addressed in risk assessment methodologies. As a result, environmental policies may fail to meet their fundamental goal of protecting the public from harm. This study examines how characterization of risk may change when susceptibility is explicitly considered in policy development; in particular we examine the process used by the U.S. E...

ii Notice The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded portions of the research described here. Mention of trade names and commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. All research projects making conclusions and recommendations based on environmentally related measurements and funded by the Environmental Protec...

The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has proposed regulations to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from existing power plants. EPA believes that its proposed Clean Power Plan (CPP) will " protect public health, move the United States towards a cleaner environment, and fight climate change while supplying Americans with reliable and affordable power. " Burning fossil fuels to produce el...

This Technology Installation Review describes the installation of a wireless temperature sensor network at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory in Duluth, MN. The objective of the wireless sensor demonstration was to showcase the technology so the experiences with the technology and benefits of the project may be replicated...

This report summarizes the findings of an evaluation of the cross-flow pervaporation technology developed by ZENON Environmental, Inc. (ZENON). This evaluation was conducted under the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Superfund Innovative Technology Evaluation (SITE) Program. The ZENON pervaporation technology was demonstrated over a 5-day period in February 1995 at Naval Air Station N...

There are numerous indicators that Hispanics face a disproportionate risk of exposure to environmental hazards. Ambient air pollution, worker exposure to chemicals, indoor air pollution, and drinking water quality are among the top four threats to human health and are all areas in which indicators point to elevated risk for Hispanic populations. These data, juxtaposed with data on the health st...

This article presents a seven-step procedure for developing environmentally safe total maximum daily loads (TMDLs) for selenium. The need for this information stems from recent actions taken by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) that may require TMDLs for selenium and other contaminants that are impairing water bodies. However, there is no technical guidance from EPA or elsewhere th...

How best to measure the effectiveness of environmental enforcement is a long-standing question . Over the 42 years during which the U .S . Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has engaged in enforcement work, the agency’s system for evaluating its own enforcement efforts (as well as those of the states) has evolved considerably . Beginning with a simple counting of numbers of formal enforcemen...