For decades, many studies have linked maternal smoking to an increased risk of preterm birth. As a result, the scientific community has long hypothesized that exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS), commonly referred to as second-hand smoke, is also associated with an increased risk of preterm birth. Multiple studies have examined this proposed association through different strategies an...

OBJECTIVE To determine the level of awareness of the hazards of tobacco smoking and secondhand smoke inhalation among adults in China. METHODS Household surveys were conducted with a total of 13,354 respondents aged 15 years or over from 100 counties of 28 Chinese provinces using a stratified multi-stage geographically clustered sample design. RESULTS The findings revealed that 81.8% of the...

CONTEXT In 2006, we reviewed the evidence on environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) and breast cancer in nonsmoking women. Since then various studies and reviews have been published but opinion remains divided. OBJECTIVE To provide an updated review. METHODS We extracted study details, derived relative risk (RR) estimates with confidence intervals (CIs) for various ETS exposure indices, and cond...

BACKGROUND There is a lack of data describing the exposure of Malaysian schoolchildren to Secondhand Smoke (SHS). The aim of this study is to identify factors influencing schoolchildren's exposures to SHS in Malaysia. METHOD This cross-sectional study was carried out to measure salivary cotinine concentrations among 1064 schoolchildren (10-11 years) attending 24 schools in Malaysia following ...

This study attempted to estimate the number of annual new cases of lung cancer from workplace exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS) in France. The number of new lung cancer cases attributable to workplace ETS exposure in France was estimated with regard to the following factors: excess risk of lung cancer from workplace ETS exposure, incidence of lung cancer in non-exposed non-smokers, ...

BACKGROUND Secondhand tobacco smoke (SHS) is a major, preventable contributor to acute and chronic adverse health outcomes that affect children disproportionately. The predominant source of SHS among children is domestic exposure, and while up to two thirds of U.S. households have car smoking bans, an unacceptable number of children remain vulnerable. To help promote more effective protection t...

In addition to the obvious link between tobacco consumption and cancer of the lung and oral cavity, there is increasing evidence that carcinogens in smoke many also have an impact in many other organ sites. The potential damage of second hand smoke, especially to children, also requires stress. While studies of gene polymorphisms for enzymes involved in carcinogen metabolism have pointed to a g...

Low birth weight (LBW) increases infant morbidity and mortality worldwide. One well-established risk factor is maternal smoking. Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure has recently been focused on as another potential risk factor. In this article, we review epidemiologic literature on the effects of ETS on LBW and intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), the cause of LBW related to maternal ...

We examined the correlation between the odor concentration and the chemical composition of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS). Three types of ETS samples were prepared: secondhand smoke (SHS), thirdhand smoke (THS), and field ETS samples from an outside smoking area. The odor concentrations of the ETS, SHS, and THS samples were determined by the triangle-odor-bag method, and the chemical composi...

OBJECTIVES To investigate the relation between lung function in employees and exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) at work and elsewhere. METHODS Never smokers in employment (301) were identified from the fourth Scottish MONICA survey. They completed a self administered health record, which included details of exposure to ETS, and attended a survey clinic for physical and lung functi...