BACKGROUND The evidence strongly links parental self-efficacy (PSE) to parenting behaviors and child health outcomes. PURPOSE The purpose of this article is to apply the social ecological model to the exploration of contextual factors that influence PSE for parents recovering from substance use disorders (SUDs). METHODS An integrative review of the literature was conducted on PSE, parenting...

In the present study, we analyzed the effects of enriched, social and isolated experiences on vermal Purkinje cell of the rat, together with anxiety-like behavior in the elevated-plus maze. Sprague-Dawley male rats were randomly submitted to either enriched, social, or isolated environments during the early postweaning period (postnatal days 22-32) and were then behaviorally evaluated in the el...

BACKGROUND To identify longitudinal individual, social and environmental predictors of adiposity (BMI z-score), and of resilience to unhealthy weight gain, in healthy weight children and adolescents. METHODS Two hundred healthy weight children aged 5-12 years at baseline and their parents living in socio-economically disadvantaged neighborhoods were surveyed at baseline and three years later....

While current GISystems (geographic information systems) can represent observational spatial data well, they have limited capabilities in representing some non-observational social elements and goal-driven behaviors that can be important factors in a wide range of geographic issues. Such social elements and behaviors can include laws, regulations, polices, plans, culture and customs, as well as...

Research interest in the influence of environmental factors on nutrition and physical activity behaviors has surged internationally in recent years. This is evident from a rapidly expanding literature and facilitated by advances in methodological and analytical approaches to assessing multiple levels of influence on health behaviors. However, a number of conceptual challenges complicate researc...

This study integrates insights from evolutionary psychology and social epidemiology to present a novel approach to contextual effects on health-risk behaviors (unprotected sex, drunkenness episodes, drugs and tobacco experimentation) among adolescents. Using data from the 2012 Brazilian National Survey of Adolescent Health (PeNSE), we first analyzed the effects of self-reported violent victimiz...

Interventions for voluntary proenvironmental behavior change usually target a limited number of behaviors and have difficulties in achieving durable change. The EcoTeam Program (ETP) is an intervention package that aims to overcome these flaws. Through a combination of information, feedback, and social interaction in a group—the EcoTeam—participants focus on the environmental consequences of th...

The twofold purposes of the investigation were (a) to describe with direct observation data the physical activity behaviors and the accompanying social and environmental events of those behaviors for children in preschools and (b) to determine which contextual conditions were predictors of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and nonsedentary physical activity (i.e., light activity + M...