This study assessed personal and environmental correlates of Belgian university students' soft and energy drink consumption and investigated whether these associations were moderated by gender or residency. Four hundred twenty-five university students completed a self-reported on-line questionnaire assessing socio-demographics, health status, soft and energy drink consumption, as well as person...

A total of 267 five-, seven-, and ten-year-olds (M = 7.62), 147 in Hong Kong and 120 in the United States, evaluated hypothetical personal (and moral) events described as either essential or peripheral to actors' identity. Except for young Chinese in the peripheral condition, straightforward personal events were overwhelmingly evaluated as acceptable based on personal justifications. Children p...

The profound nature of moral judgment has been discussed and debated for centuries. When facing the trade-off between pursuing moral rights and seeking better consequences, most people make different moral choices between two kinds of dilemmas. Such differences were explained by the dual-process theory involving an automatic emotional response and a controlled application of utilitarian decisio...

1086 Moral Reasoning and Sleep-Deprivation—Olsen et al STUDIES SHOW THAT, IN GENERAL, SLEEP DEPRIVATION IMPAIRS PERFORMANCE OF A WIDE RANGE OF COGNITIVE TASKS AND SENSORY FUNCTIONS, SUCH as mental arithmetic, logical reasoning, memory, vigilance, and meta-cognition.1,2 The detrimental effects of sleep deprivation on cognition, motor performance, and mood have also been documented by meta-analys...

Our autobiographical self depends on the differential recollection of our personal past, notably including memories of morally laden events. Whereas both emotion and temporal recency are well known to influence memory, very little is known about how we remember moral events, and in particular about the distribution in time of memories for events that were blameworthy or praiseworthy. To investi...

This paper investigates the extent to which substantively distinct moral worldviews are associated with different rates and types of civic engagement. Following Lichterman (1995; 1996), we acknowledge that individualistic moral worldviews can and do motivate civic engagement. However, based on an analysis of survey data from a national probability sample of Americans, we find that, controlling ...

Associations among hypothetical, prototypic moral, and conventional judgments; theory of mind (ToM); empathy; and personal distress were examined in 108 socioeconomically diverse preschoolers (Mage  = 42.94 months, SD = 1.42). Repeated measures analysis of covariance with empathy, false beliefs, and their interaction as covariates indicated that empathy was significantly associated with judgmen...

The possibility of constructing a personal AI raises many ethical and religious questions that have been dealt with seriously only by imaginative works of fiction; they have largely been ignored by technical experts and by philosophical and theological ethicists Arguing that a personal AI is possible in principle, and that its accomplishment could be adjudicated by the Turing Test, the article ...

Three studies examined automatic associations between words with moral and immoral meanings and the colors black and white. The speed of color naming in a Stroop task was faster when words in black concerned immorality (e.g., greed), rather than morality, and when words in white concerned morality (e.g., honesty), rather than immorality. In addition, priming immorality by having participants ha...