during the 1960s, the relatively new approaches like environmental warfare and intentional environmental deterioration came in to the global security and strategic literature. till now, through different conventional and unconventional wars, the governments have imposed intentional and unintentional adverse effects on the environment some of which are lasting for decades. the application of wea...

In the early 1960s recognition of the adverse effects of environmental contamination due to industrial, pesticide, and agricultural pollution led to the emergence of the field of ecotoxicology (Ramade, 1992). Today, marine estuary and inshore ecosystems continue to be negatively impacted by environmental contamination (Short & Wyllie-Echeverria 1996; Orth et al., 2006; Osborn & Datta, 2006). In...

Conflicts in coastal zones arise as a result of the variance between divergent interests, within limited and dynamic socio-spatial and ecological dimensions, with little effort at critical consensus. Coastal zones worldwide exhibit three classical internal trademarks – high pressures for development, management weaknesses to protect coastal ecosystems and the deterioration of environmental cond...

Stated in its most basic form, the objective of structural health monitoring is to ascertain if damage is present or not based on measured dynamic or static characteristics of a system to be monitored. In reality, structures are subject to changing environmental and operational conditions that affect measured signals, and these ambient variations of the system can often mask subtle changes in t...

The relations between language and thought in the normal person, and the connexion between the forms of their disturbance in the dysphasic, are questions which have aroused much discussion and little conclusion. But at least it would seem clear that the nearer an individual's daily occupation approaches to the purely intellectual, the more it is likely to be impeded by even a mild degree of dys...

The province of Quebec, historically known for its unusually high reproductive levels, has in the past few decades experienced a spectacular fertility decline. This more or less abrupt decline in fertility has corresponded with the socioeconomic transformation of this French-speaking province into a modern society. This paper presents a path analysis of period structural factors on fertility ch...

Reaction to medical, social, and genetic implications of Huntington's disease was evaluated by means of a questionnaire mailed to members of a lay organization concerned with this disease in the United States. One thousand and sixty-five of the approximately 2600 members chose to respond. Patients and those at high risk found physical disabilities most disturbing while mental deterioration and ...

The term ‘deteriorated texture’ gives all experts as well as ordinary people almost the sameimpression. Despite common points in images, the differences put Iran cities in different categories based on deteriorated textures. This classification not only has negative effect on the audience from mental point of view but causes various problems for the experts in determining interference method. F...

Over 150 research articles relating three multi-disciplinary topics (air pollution, climate change and civil engineering structures) are reviewed to examine the footprints of air pollution and changing environment on the sustainability of building and transport structures (referred as built infrastructure). The aim of this review is to synthesize the existing knowledge on this topic, highlight ...

Classic theories of ageing consider extrinsic mortality (EM) a major factor in shaping longevity and ageing, yet most studies of functional ageing focus on species with low EM. This bias may cause overestimation of the influence of senescent declines in performance over condition-dependent mortality on demographic processes across taxa. To simultaneously investigate the roles of functional sene...