Public space – which comprises streets and sidewalks, parks and plazas – is one of the justly celebrated aspects of cities. If cities are rich arenas of social diversity and crucibles of civic participation, it is their public spaces which facilitate the coming together of diverse populations since there is ‘a presumption that within these spaces we will, necessarily, encounter “others” in all ...

Scaling AI algorithms to large problems requires that these algorithms work together to harness their respective strengths. We introduce a method of automatically constructing HHMMs using the output of a sequential data-mining algorithm and sequential prediction algorithm. We present the theory of this technique and demonstrate results using the MavHome intelligent environment.

1042 Private property, including intellectual property, is essential to our way of life. It provides an incentive for investment and innovation; it stimulates the flourishing of our culture; it protects the moral entitlements of people to the fruits of their labors. But reducing too much to private property can be bad medicine. Private land, for instance, is far more useful if separated from ot...

This paper investigates the $p$-center location problem on a network in which vertex weights and distances between vertices are uncertain. The concepts of the $alpha$-$p$-center and the expected $p$-center are introduced. It is shown that the $alpha$-$p$-center and the expected $p$-center models can be transformed into corresponding deterministic models. Finally, linear time algorithms for find...

Age replacement policy is concerned with finding an optional time tominimize the cost, at which time the unit is replaced even if itdoes not fail. So far, age replacement policy involving random agehas been proposed. This paper will assume the age of the unit is anuncertain variable, and find the optimal time to replace the unit.

Electric power restructuring offers a major change to the vertically integrated monopoly. The change manifests the main part of engineers’ efforts to reshape the three components of today’s vertically integrated monopoly: generation, distribution and transmission. In a restructured environment, the main tasks of these three components will remain the same as before, however, to comply with ...

background: heat stress evaluation and timely notification, especially using meteorological data is an important issue attracted attention in recent years. therefore, this study aimed at answering the following research questions: 1) can enthalpy as a common environmental parameter reported by meteorological agencies be applied accurately for evaluation of thermal condition of outdoor settings,...

this study is an attempt to monitor and investigate the main elements of social harms from political, economic, sociocultural, technological, environmental and legal perspectives in accordance with the factors of pestel. one of the findings of the present study indicates that iran has taken several measures in order to fight narcotics.  in poverty and unemployment, it must be admitted that cast...

generally, studied villages as regard to the socioeconomic structure have not considerable development in comparison with their around structure due to functional area.  nowadays, regarding rural development, proceeding with economical analysis of geographical areas has a great position. considering the applied investigations, upon increasing the knowledge and literacy and scientific and practi...