English as a lingua franca (ELF) research highlights the complexity and fluidity of culture in intercultural communication through English. ELF users draw on, construct, and move between global, national, and local orientations towards cultural characterisations. Thus, the relationship between language and culture is best approached as situated and emergent. However, this has chal­ lenged previ...

The purpose of this article is to explore recent research into World Englishes (henceforth WEs) and English as a Lingua Franca (ELF),1 focusing on its implications for TESOL, and the extent to which it is being taken into account by English language teachers, linguists, and second language acquisition researchers. After a brief introduction comparing the current situation with that of 15 years ...

Pakistan has a population of 140 million speaking more than 56 different languages. Urdu is the lingua franca of these people, as many speak Urdu as a second language, also the national language of Pakistan. Being a developing population, Pakistani people need access to information. Most of the information over the ICT infrastructure is only available in English and only 5-10% of these people a...

Observing the shift to English as a Lingua Franca (ELF) in national curriculum for education, this study analyzes ELF-related features 2022 curriculum’s learning aims and evaluates their feasibility using text mining. The findings indicate that reflects ELF, example, by viewing medium of communication among diverse speakers whose first language is not English. emphasis on cultivating learners’ ...