The energy–water nexus has been studied predominantly through discussions of policy options supported by data surveys and technology considerations. At a technology level, there have been attempts to optimize coupling points between the electricity and water systems to reduce the water-intensity of technologies in the former and the energy-intensity of technologies in the latter. To our knowled...

Traditional integrated modeling (IM) is based on developing and aggregating all relevant (sub)models data into a single linear programming (LP) model. Unfortunately, this approach not applicable for IM under asymmetric information (ASI), i.e., when “private” regarding sectoral/regional models available, or it cannot be shared by teams (sectoral agencies). The lack of common about LP submodels m...