Energy dissipation chemical force microscopy has been used to analyze the dissipative properties of chemically similar regions of hydroxyl- and carboxyl-terminated SAMs on gold with a hydroxyl-terminated tip. Energy dissipation imaging quantitatively isolates dissipative interfacial interactions from topography, producing a significantly more informative image than phase imaging. Also, energy d...

The dependence of the statistics of energy dissipation on the Reynolds number is investigated in an experimental jet flow. In a range of about one decade of Reλ (from about 200 to 2000) the adimensional mean energy dissipation is found to be independent on Reλ, while the higher moments of dissipation show a power-law dependence. The scaling exponents are found to be consistent with a simple pre...

This chapter addresses various subjects, including some open questions related to energy dissipation, information, and noise, that are relevant for nanoand molecular electronics. The object is to give a brief and coherent presentation of the results of a number of recent studies of ours. 1 Energy Dissipation and Miniaturization It has been observed, in the context of Moore’s law, that the power...

The explosive viscous liquid becomes inject to warhead by discharge system. The injection device is consisted of a piston to move down and leads the viscous fluid through the cylindrical pipe towards the end of the duct. Then the viscous fluid leads into a convergent path that will be injected to the warhead or other injection equipment. In this project, the path of viscous fluid flow is divide...

Living systems need to be highly responsive, and also to keep fluctuations low. These goals are incompatible in equilibrium systems due to the fluctuation dissipation theorem (FDT). Here, we show that biological sensory systems, driven far from equilibrium by free energy consumption, can reduce their intrinsic fluctuations while maintaining high responsiveness. By developing a continuum theory ...

Conventional MOS models for circuit simulation assume that the channel capacitances do not contribute to net power dissipation. Numerical integration of channel currents and instantaneous terminal voltages however shows the existence of higher order dissipating terms. To overcome these limitations, we present a self-consistent, first order, quasi-static power dissipation model that is able to p...

Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) waves are widely considered as a possible source of heating for various parts of the outer solar atmosphere. Among the main energy dissipation mechanisms which convert the energy of damped MHD waves into thermal energy are collisional dissipation (resistivity) and viscosity. The presence of neutral atoms in the partially ionized plasmas of the solar photosphere, chromo...

We show—in the framework of physical scales and (K1, K2)-averages— that Kolmogorov’s dissipation law combined with the smallness condition on a Taylor length scale is sufficient to guarantee energy cascades in the forced Navier–Stokes equations. Moreover, in the periodic case we establish restrictive scaling laws—in terms of Grashof number—for kinetic energy, energy flux, and energy dissipation...

We design consistent discontinuous Galerkin finite element schemes for the approximation of the Euler–Korteweg and the Navier–Stokes–Korteweg systems. We show that the scheme for the Euler–Korteweg system is energy and mass conservative and that the scheme for the Navier–Stokes–Korteweg system is mass conservative and monotonically energy dissipative. In this case the dissipation is isolated to...

Stepped spillways have become a popular method for handling flood releases. The steps increase significantly the rate of energy dissipation taking place on the spillway face and reduce the size of the required downstream energy dissipation basin. The compatibility of stepped spillways with roller compacted concrete (RCC) and gabion construction techniques results in low additional cost for the ...