INTRODUCTION: Thyroid ectopia can be found at the site of thyroid origin in the floor of the mouth, or anywhere along its path of embryological descent, thus reflecting the normal migration of thyroid progenitor cells. The most frequent sites of ectopic thyroid tissue are lingual, sublingual, thyroglossal and laryngotracheal, with ectopic intratracheal thyroid (EITT) accounting for a small mino...

Despite significant progress, deficiencies of iron and iodine remain major public health problems affecting > or =30% of the global population. These deficiencies often coexist in children. Recent studies have demonstrated that a high prevalence of iron deficiency among children in areas of endemic goiter may reduce the effectiveness of iodized salt programs. These findings argue strongly for i...

As a part of studies concerning clinical application of the measurement of urinary iodide with an iodide-selective ion electrode, we report here the reference values for the iodide content or concentration in morning spot urine specimens from normal subjects of varying ages and studies with patients with thyroid diseases in Japan. The number distribution of the iodide content or concentration i...

I . Iodine metabolism was studied using labelled sodium iodide in subjects with endemic goitre which is prevalent in the south-west part of Ceylon, where the iodine content of the drinking water was shown to be low. The study was confined mostly to children of school age. 2. The patients showed raised thyroidal uptake of lS1I and 48 h serum protein-bound radioactive iodine, lowered plasma inorg...

Abstract. It is well known that iodine is an indispensable component of thyroid hormones. The discovery of iodine deficiency and its adverse effects upon human beings is an instructive example of the transfer of scientific and medical knowledge to the benefit of the public health. Physicians have known for more than a century that deficient iodine intake is associated with endemic goiter, creti...

OBJECTIVE The association between severe iodine deficiency and endemic goitre is well established, but little information is available on the relation between milder degrees of iodine deficiency and goitre prevalence. SUBJECTS In a comparative epidemiological study performed in two regions in Denmark, we examined 4649 subjects from the general population, women aged 18-65 years and men aged 6...

BACKGROUND The percentage of thyroid cancer cases attributable to specific risk factors can be calculated to focus preventive strategies. The per cent population attributable risks (PAR) for thyroid cancer were estimated in relation to history of benign thyroid diseases, history of radiotherapy, residence in endemic goitre areas and selected indicators of a poor diet, using data from a case-con...

BACKGROUND Goiter rates and iodine deficiency usually show marked improvement in efficacy studies of mandatory iodization of salt, but little is known about the short-term effectiveness of mandatory iodization. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to evaluate, after 1 y, the effectiveness of mandatory iodization of salt at an iodine concentration higher than that occurring under optional iodiza...

Thyroid complications resulting from excess iodide such as thyrotoxicosis, thyroiditis, sialadenitis, or hypothyroidism are much rarer after iodine supplementation with Lipiodol than with KI. They do not militate against its widespread use in endemic goiter populations, especially in pregnant women. However, patients with multinodular goiter should not be treated or should be treated only under...