Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major health problem worldwide, with increasing incidence and prevalence. While the of CKD in children relatively low, contributes to problems has many long-term effects.1 characterized by gradual decline function over time. The Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) report defined as an abnormality renal structure or decreased glomerular filtration r...

background: vaccination against fatal viral and bacterial diseases is still the best protective way to lower morbidity and mortality rate in end‑stage renal disease (esrd) patients. it has been reported that there is high incidence of low protective levels of igg after vaccination in esrd adult patients. the aim of this study was to evaluate the protective status of vaccination against diphther...