Given that more than 30% of healthcare costs are wasted on inappropriate care, suboptimal care is increasingly connected to the quality of medical decisions. It has been argued that personal decisions are the leading cause of death, and 80% of healthcare expenditures result from physicians' decisions. Therefore, improving healthcare necessitates improving medical decisions, ie, making decisions...

BACKGROUND Accuracy of temperament assessment is a prerequisite in research studies. To identify the extent to which parental assessment of child temperament is biased by their personal attributes, we proposed a new structural equation model, in which biases of parental attributes in their assessment of child temperament can be separated from the true (i.e. non-biased) associations between the ...

This study of rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) investigated whether individual differences in emotionality, as measured by scratching frequencies, are stable over time and across seasons. Five adult females living in captive social groups were observed during two consecutive birth seasons and five females during the birth and the mating season. Scratching frequencies were higher during the birt...

THE theme of this paper1 is the Victorian ideological divide between the public sphere (viewed as a masculine domain concerned with paid work and national politics), and the private sphere (viewed as a female domain concerned with home and family). These contrasts were in some respects ancient ones: the political dimension of public masculine persons and private female persons going back at lea...

The trait Emotional Intelligence (trait E.I.) construct shifted the interest in personality research to the investigation of the effect of global personality characteristics on behaviour. In this article the role of personality traits in the occurrence of emotional and behavioural strengths and difficulties was investigated. Five hundred fifty-nine students aged 12-14 years, completed The Trait...

During the past decade, a number of experimental investigations have progressively revealed the so-called "dynamic," or motivational, aspects of perceptual behavior. No longer do we view perception as organized solely in terms of the structural characteristics of stimulus objects or the frequency with which the individual has been exposed to these objects. Perceptions are structured not only wi...

Abstract In mainstream academic discourse, the emergence of national identities has mostly been explained from a powerful modernist approach, claiming that nations, as we know them today, are modern and constructed phenomena. This implies spotlight research on interest-based homogenization motives how they can create mass loyalty an efficient sociocultural basis for political elites capitalist ...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES In Eye Movement and Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) therapy, a dual-task approach is used: patients make horizontal eye movements while they recall aversive memories. Studies showed that this reduces memory vividness and/or emotionality. A strong explanation is provided by working memory theory, which suggests that other taxing dual-tasks are also effective. Ex...