the purpose of this research is to study the relationship between social and cultural traits of female students and their tendency toward emigration. the research method used in data collection and data analysis is social survey. the survey consists of 508 female students studying at m.a. and phd level in shiraz and ferdowsi university. the theoretical framework on which the study is based on i...

In this paper, we identify and quantify the role of international migration in the propagation of HIV across sub-Saharan African countries. We use panel data on bilateral migration flows and HIV prevalence rates covering 44 countries after 1990. Controlling for unobserved heterogeneity, reverse causality, reflection issues, incorrect treatment of country fixed effects and spatial autocorrelatio...

Migration, Transfers and Child Labor We examine agricultural child labor in the context of emigration, transfers, and the ability to hire outside labor. We start by developing a theoretical background based on Basu and Van, (1998), Basu, (1999) and Epstein and Kahana (2008) and show how hiring labor from outside the household and transfers to the household might induce a reduction in children’s...

Some monocytes normally take up residence in tissues as sessile macrophages, but others differentiate into migratory cells resembling dendritic cells that emigrate to lymph nodes. In an in vitro model of a vessel wall, lipid mediators lysophosphatidic acid and platelet-activating factor, whose signals are implicated in promoting atherosclerosis, blocked conversion of monocytes into migratory ce...

The paper shows that in a reasonable production structure for a developing economy a brain drain of skilled labour may raise the welfare of the economy while an emigration of unskilled labour is welfare reducing. Also an emigration of skilled/unskilled labour lowers the urban unemployment of unskilled labour and widens the skilled-unskilled wage-gap. The paper provides an alternative explanatio...

This paper reviews the historical record of Canadian emigration to the United States and analyses recent changes in the economic incentives for emigration to the U.S., focussing on differences by education. For at least the past 60 years, Canadians living in the United States have been bettereducated than those who remained in Canada. This pattern of selective emigration may have intensified re...

Migration, Transfers and Child Labor We examine agricultural child labor in the context of emigration, transfers, and the ability to hire outside labor. We start by developing a theoretical background based on Basu and Van, (1998), Basu, (1999) and Epstein and Kahana (2008) and show how hiring labor from outside the household and transfers to the household might induce a reduction in children’s...

Skilled workers in poor countries earn wages a fraction of that their counterparts rich nations. Here, we estimate the opportunities for wage arbitrage from emigration Pacific Islands into Australia and New Zealand. Our calculations, based on earned by graduate accountants, computer science graduates cooks with Certificate III qualifications, reveal premiums factor up to 10 emigration. Likewise...

The region of North Africa (NA) represents a striking locality regarding migration with several migration patterns, namely emigration in the form of labour export to Europe and North America and, to a lesser extent, to the Arab Gulf area. The latter has increased enormously in the last decade because of the political instability in most of the NA countries. The aim of the present chapter was to...