Earthquakes frequently destroy the homes and livelihoods of thousands. One of the most important concerns after an earthquake is to find a safe shelter for the affected people. Because of large numbers of potential locations, the multitude of constraints (e.g. access to infrastructures; security); and the uncertainty prevailing (e.g., number of places required) the identification of optimal she...

We have deleted the chromosomal ant gene from Escherichia coli by substitution with the kan gene, which encodes kanamycin resistance. The delta ant strains obtained cannot adapt to high sodium concentrations (700 mM, pH 6.8), which do not affect the wild type. The Na+ sensitivity of delta ant is pH dependent, increasing at alkaline pH. Thus at pH 8.5, 100 mM NaCl retard growth of delta ant with...

ABSTRACT Army ants perform the altruism behavior that an ant sacrifices its own well-being for the benefit of another ants. They build bridges using their own bodies along the path from a food to the nest. We developed the army ant inspired social evolutionary system by using Swarm library. The system has 2 kinds of ant agents, 'Major ant' and 'Minor ant'. They communicate with each other via p...

KANTS is a swarm intelligence algorithm [1], proposed in [10, 2] for data clustering and classification. The term KANTS derives from Kohonen Ants, since the algorithm was partially inspired by Kohonen’s Self-Organizing Maps [9]. The method was also based on Chialvo and Millonas’ Ant System [6] and its working mechanisms are very similar to that model. However, differences in the local rules and...

This paper gives a brief about two of the metaheuristic techniques that are used to find best among the optimal solutions for complex problems like travelling salesman problem, Quadratic problem. Both of these techniques are based on the natural phenomenon of ant. Ant algorithm find good path but due to some short comings of it, this algorithm is not able to give best out of the good or optimal...

Since its introduction, ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithms and especially the MAX-MIN ant system (MMAS) [4] are found to be well suited for many challenging optimization problems. Our theoretical analyses of MMAS allowed us to create the new algorithm, named the three bound ant system (TBAS), which has lower computational complexity and at the same time retains and even improves the quali...

Ants are fascinating creatures that demonstrate the ability to find food and bring it back to their nest. Their ability as a colony, to find paths to food sources has inspired the development of algorithms known as Ant Colony Systems (ACS). The principle of cooperation forms the backbone of such algorithms, commonly used to find solutions to problems such as the Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP)...

Within few years Mobile Ad -hoc has fetched more attention due to plug and play infrastructure less network. Mobile Ad hoc wireless networks consist entirely of wireless nodes, placed together in an impromptu manner, i.e. with minimal forethought. All device/nodes have routing capabilities and forward data packets for other devices in multi hop fashion. Device/nodes can enter or leave the syste...