We report the results of the first large-scale international survey of public perception of geoengineering and solar radiation management (SRM). Our sample of 3105 individuals in the United States, Canada and the United Kingdom was recruited by survey firms that administer internet surveys to nationally representative population samples. Measured familiarity was higher than expected, with 8% an...

BACKGROUND We evaluated the responsiveness of patient-derived questionnaires and physical findings in evaluating recovery after treatment of ulnocarpal abutment syndrome. METHODS Patients were assessed at their initial visit to our clinic and again 3 months after the treatment. At each visit, patients completed a Short Form-36, the Japanese Society for Surgery of the Hand version of Disabilit...

Statistically distinguishing density-dependent from density-independent populations and selecting the best demographic model for a given population are problems of primary importance. Traditional approaches are PBLR (parametric bootstrapping of likelihood ratios) and Information Criteria (IC), such as the Schwarz Information Criterion (SIC), the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) or the Final P...

Sedimentary iron sulfide minerals play a key role in maintaining the oxygenation of Earth’s atmosphere over geological timescales; they also record critical geochemical information that can be used to reconstruct paleo-environments. On modern Earth, sedimentary iron sulfide mineral formation takes places in low-temperature environments and requires the production of free sulfide by sulfate-redu...

Fig. 5. Comparison of the SRM-based algorithms for the " Bad " channel, SNR = 10 dB. SG: Standard stochastic gradient algorithm. Norm: Normalized stochastic gradient algorithm. SRM: Off-line SRM algorithm of [3], where S k is obtained at time k by averaging all of the data through time k to estimate ensemble averages. Conj Grad: Conjugate gradient algorithm. The results are averaged over 200 sa...

HYPOTHESIS In children with bilateral cochlear implants (BiCIs), experience over a 1 to 3-year period can improve speech understanding and spatial unmasking of speech. BACKGROUND One reason for providing children with BiCIs is to improve spatial hearing abilities. Little is known about changes in performance with added bilateral experience, and the relation between sound localization and spat...

Spatial release from masking (SRM) was measured in groups of children with bilateral cochlear implants (BiCIs, average ages 6.0 and 7.9 yr) and with normal hearing (NH, average ages 5.0 and 7.8 yr). Speech reception thresholds (SRTs) were measured for target speech in front (0°), and interferers in front, distributed asymmetrically toward the right (+90°/+90°) or distributed symmetrically towar...

Storage Resource Managers (SRMs) are middleware components whose function is to provide dynamic space allocation and file management on shared storage components on the Grid[1,2]. SRMs support protocol negotiation and reliable replication mechanism. The SRM standard supports independent SRM implementations, allowing for a uniform access to heterogeneous storage elements. SRMs allow site-specifi...