We provide a comprehensive overview of transversely polarized $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}$ production at the future Electron-Ion Collider (EIC). In particular, we study both spontaneous transverse polarization as well spin transfer within momentum dependent (TMD) factorization region. To describe polarization, consider contribution from TMD polarizing fragmentation function (TMD PFF). Simila...

Mitochondrial proton and electron leak have a major impact on mitochondrial coupling efficiency and production of reactive oxygen species. In the first part of this chapter, we address the molecular nature of the basal and inducible proton leak pathways, and their physiological importance. The basal leak is unregulated, and a major proportion can be attributed to mitochondrial anion carriers, w...

Microbial mats containing the filamentous anoxygenic photosynthetic bacterium Chloroflexus aggregans develop at Nakabusa hot spring in Japan. Under anaerobic conditions in these mats, interspecies interaction between sulfate-reducing bacteria as sulfide producers and C. aggregans as a sulfide consumer has been proposed to constitute a sulfur cycle; however, the electron donor utilized for micro...

We report the detailed experimental study on the production of electron-spin-polarized Sr+ ions through one-photon resonant two-photon ionization via laser-excited 5s5p 3P1 (MJ = +1) of Sr atoms produced by laser-ablation. We have experimentally confirmed that the use of laser-ablation for the production of Sr atoms prior to photoionization does not affect the electron-spin polarization. We hav...

We find no physical basis for traditional mass-fraction weighted averaging of X-ray continuum measured in pure elements to estimate continuum production from compounds. Measurements of continuum from pairs of stable isotopes demonstrate that mass alone (the presence of more or fewer neutrons) has no effect on continuum production in electron probe microanalysis. Electron-fraction weighted avera...

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In this paper we present the results of a study of the electron cooling rate, the production rates of vibrationally excited N2…v†, and the production frequency of the N2 vibrational quanta arising from the collisions of electrons with unexcited N2…0† and vibrationally excited N2…1† molecules as functions of the electron temperature. The electron energy transfer rates for vibrational excitation ...

The components of the SLD barre1 Cerenkov Ring Imaging Detector (GRID) are now built and are being installed. We report on tests of these, including tests of the fiber optic calibration system, detailed studies of electron drift paths on production drift boxes and detectors, tests of the dynamic gating system and its effect on drift path distortions due to space-charge, and a measurement of the...