BACKGROUND The kinetics and kinematics of the glenohumeral joints, and shoulder muscles activities during the initial phase of learning wheelchair propulsion by individuals with paraplegia have been partially described. But no studies carry out the kinematics of the upper-limb during the learning of non-constrained open field locomotion with a wheelchair. METHODS Ten subjects with no manual w...

Abstract The need for electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) of electrical devices on satellites increases dramatically as the number is rapidly growing and density satellite due to their miniaturization. Thus, EMC electric propulsion system becomes an important issue a safe reliable operation satellite. In particular, this also concerns system. Since thrusters usually be operated in vacuum, dedic...

It is vital to maintaining a constant direction during locomotion. Turning in walking is triggered by the impulse from the leg located outside its rotation axis. Then, the centre of gravity is relocated in the direction of an inside limb [1]. It is commonly believed that similar correlation can be observed in swimming. Greater propulsion forces produced by the right limbs cause turning left. Th...

In this study, the efficiencies of seed priming with electromagnetic field (0, 2, 4, and 6 mT; 30 minutes daily for 3 days) were investigated in Salvia nemorosa. The exposure to electromagnetic filed led to significant increases in biomass accumulation (mean=53.6 %). Electromagnetic filed treatments significantly increased K, Ca, Mg, and Fe contents in leaves by mean 39.5 %. The electromagnetic...

A NASA-funded research effort has been underway at the Lockheed Martin Advanced Technology Center in Palo Alto and at California State University in Long Beach to develop and test a recently published theory that Newton's equation of motion can be derived from Maxwell's equations of electrodynamics as applied to the zero-point field (ZPF) of the quantum vacuum. In this ZPF-inertia theory, mass ...

The quest for swimming microrobots originates from possible applications in medicine, especially involving navigation in bodily fluids. Swimming microorganisms have become a source of inspiration because their propulsion mechanisms are effective in the low-Reynolds number regime. In this study, we address a propulsion mechanism inspired by metachronal waves, i.e. the spontaneous coordination of...

The behaviour of a non-spherical osmotic motor an axisymmetric catalytic particle self-propelling in a dilute dispersion of reactant particles is considered. In concrast to a conventional osmotic motor that creates differences in concentration, and hence in osmotic pressure, due to asymmetry in reaction rate along its surface (e.g. a Janus particle with reactive and non-reactive patches), a non...

The purpose of this study was to determine the contributions of arm frequency and propulsion mode on the internal work during submaximal wheelchair propulsion. Twelve able-bodied participants performed a V.O (2) peak test on a wheelchair ergometer. On a separate occasion, six (4 min) submaximal exercise conditions employing two modes of propulsion (synchronous, SYN vs. asynchronous, ASY) at arm...

We introduce a kinetic Monte Carlo model for self-propelled hard disks to capture with minimal ingredients the interplay between thermal fluctuations, excluded volume, and self-propulsion in large assemblies of active particles. We analyze in detail the resulting (density, self-propulsion) nonequilibrium phase diagram over a broad range of parameters. We find that purely repulsive hard disks sp...

Functional asymmetry is an idea that is often used to explain documented bilateral asymmetries during able-bodied gait. Within this context, this idea suggests that the non-dominant and dominant legs, considered as whole entities, contribute asymmetrically to support and propulsion during walking. The degree of functional asymmetry may depend upon walking speed. The purpose of this study was to...