Microwave radiation, an electromagnetic radiation, is widely use as a source of heating in organic synthesis. The basic mechanisms observed in microwave assisted synthesis are dipolar polarization and conduction. Microwave assisted organic synthesis (MAOS) has emerged as a new “lead” in organic synthesis. The technique offers simple, clean, fast, efficient, and economic for the synthesis of a l...

To develop advanced pasteurization treatments based on radio frequency (RF) or microwave (MW) energy, dielectric properties of almond kernels were measured by using an open-ended coaxial-line probe and impedance analyzer at frequencies between 10 and 3000 MHz, moisture contents between 4.2% to 19.6% w.b. and temperatures between 20 and 90 °C. The results showed that both dielectric constant and...

Microwave is the machine, which is very helpful for the food sector. The modern age of life as well as the increasing number of working women requires simplified routines and standardization of foods with lesser preparation time and convenience in usage. The demands of the consumers are the real factor for the success or failure of any food items in the present scenario. The increasing consumer...

An electromagnetic wave is expected to propagate through an overdense plasma, provided that its amplitude is large enough to bring the electron motion into the relativistic regime. We study this induced transparency by using 1D and 2D particle simulations. We find that large chaotic longitudinal electric fields are generated and strong plasma heating takes place during the propagation. This beh...

Microwave frequencies occupy portions of the electromagnetic spectrum between 300 MHz to 300 GHz. The full range of microwave frequencies is subdivided into various bands (Table 1). Because microwaves are also used in the communication, navigation and defence industries, their use in thermal heating is restricted to a small subset of the available frequency bands. In Australia, the commonly use...

A physical basis of adverse and therapeutic effects of low intensity microwave radiation is presented based on the concept of oscillatory similitude between the frequency of an external microwave field (together with any lower frequency modulations thereof) and those of certain endogenous dipolar coherent excitations allied to aliveness, which play the role of 'tuned circuits' via which a livin...

Infestation of grain by insects is widely controlled by the use of insecticides. Use of contact insecticides results in chemical residues left in the food which may have adverse effects on humans. Also insects develop resistance to both contact insecticides and fumigants. Microwave disinfestation offers an alternate way to disinfest grain. Microwaves are electromagnetic waves with frequencies r...

Radio-frequency (RF) electromagnetic fields are readily absorbed in biological matter and lead to dielectric heating. To understand how RF radiation interacts with macromolecular structures and possibly influences biological function, a quantitative description of dielectric absorption and heating at nanometer resolution beyond the usual effective medium approach is crucial. We report an exempl...

This study analyzes the exposure of the human torso to electromagnetic fields caused by wireless body-mounted or handheld devices. Because of the frequency and distance ranges from 30-5800 MHz and 10 to 200 mm, respectively, both near-field and far-field effects are considered. A generic body model and simulations of anatomical models are used to evaluate the worst case tissue composition with ...

A large body of evidence now indicates that the amount of mercury released from dental amalgam fillings can be significantly accelerated by exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMFs) such as common mobile phones and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Studies performed on the increased microleakage of dental amalgam restorations after exposure to RF-EMFs have further supported th...