a thin film of epinephrine (ep) was electrochemically deposited on the surface of glassy carbon electrode previously activated in nahco3 solution. the cyclic voltammograms of the modified electrode indicate that the surface confined ep are strongly dependent on the solution ph, as expected for quinone/hydroquinone functionalities. the ep-modified glassy carbon electrode exhibited catalytic acti...

we used an effective electrochemical sensor for the determination of imipramine at ph 7.2 using a carbon nanocomposite electrode. the electrode has been designed by incorporation of montmorillonite nanoclay into the carbon ionic liquid electrode. the high sensitivity of 1.714 μa (μm)-1, two linear calibration ranges of 0.1–2 μm and 2-40 μm, and detection limit of 19 nm were achieved. the relati...

1. Balkany TJ, Connell SS, Hodges AVet al. Conservation of residual acoustic hearing after cochlear implantation. Otol Neurotol 2006;27:1083-8. 2. von Ilberg C, Kiefer J, Tillein Jet al. Electric-acoustic stimulation of the auditory system. New technology for severe hearing loss. ORL; journal for oto-rhino-laryngology and its related specialties 1999;61:334-40. 3. Gantz BJ, Turner CW. Combining...

the glucose oxidase (gox) electrochemical sensors were used to detect a little amount of glucose. in this paper, the pure platinum plate (length of 5 cm and a width of 3 mm), the ag/agcl electrode and platinum electrode (diameter of 1 mm) were applied as a working electrode (w.e), reference electrode and auxiliary electrode sequential. factors measured, glucose concentration and ph is phosphate...

The diffusion problems for a wide class of microelectrodes are shown to be reducible to multidimensional integral equations (equations containing multiple integrals). The formulation and solution of these problems by means of integral transformations are given for several types of microelectrode systems: a microdisk embedded in an insulating plane or in an insulator of a finite thickness, a mic...

Intracellular recording is the measurement of voltage or current across the membrane of a cell. It typically involves an electrode inserted in the cell and a reference electrode outside the cell. The electrodes are connected to an amplifier to measure the membrane potential, possibly in response to a current injected through the intracellular electrode (current clamp), or the current flowing th...

A modified electrode was prepared by modification of the carbon paste electrode (CPE) with graphene nano-sheets. The fabricated modified electrode exhibited an electrocatalytic activity toward gallic acid (GA) oxidation because of good conductivity, low electron transfer resistance and catalytic effect. The graphene modified CPE had a lower overvoltage and enhanced electrical current respect to...