The application of a nonuniform ac electric field to an electrolyte using coplanar microelectrodes results in steady fluid flow. The flow has its origin in the interaction of the tangential component of the nonuniform field with the induced charge in the electrical double layer on the electrode surfaces. Termed ac electro-osmosis, the flow has been studied experimentally and theoretically using...

Biology student mastery regarding the mechanisms of diffusion and osmosis is difficult to achieve. To monitor comprehension of these processes among students at a large public university, we developed and validated an 18-item Osmosis and Diffusion Conceptual Assessment (ODCA). This assessment includes two-tiered items, some adopted or modified from the previously published Diffusion and Osmosis...

The process of fertilization can’t be attributed only to the number of live, motile and normal sperm deposited within the female but especially to its functionality [1]. The hypoosmotic test or hypoosmotic test (HOST) is a functional test, by which the live sperm are subjected to an incubation in a hypoosmotic solution, the sperm with the functional membrane will allow the entry of water by osm...

The process of fertilization can’t be attributed only to the number of live, motile and normal sperm deposited within the female but especially to its functionality [1]. The hypoosmotic test or hypoosmotic test (HOST) is a functional test, by which the live sperm are subjected to an incubation in a hypoosmotic solution, the sperm with the functional membrane will allow the entry of water by osm...

An atomistic simulation of an electro-osmotic flow in a 65.3 Å-wide channel is performed to study its physical details and evaluate continuum models. The working fluid is a 0.01 M solution ~at midchannel! of Cl in water. For simplicity and computational efficiency, only negatively charged ions are included. The water is modeled by the SPC/E potential and the Cl are modeled as point charges plus...

Creation of tiny self-propelled particles is a subject intense current interest, and control on their direction motion critical for application. We study the effect electric fields metal-dielectric Janus inducing boojum defect in thin films nematic liquid crystal. In sharp contrast to response non-Janus particles, we show that are under action an ac field, which applied perpendicular director p...

With an increase in demand of freshwater and depleting water sources, it is imperative to switch to seawater as a regular source of water supply. However, due to the high total dissolved solid content, it has to be desalinated to make it drinkable. While desalination technologies have been used for many years, mass deployment of such technologies poses a number of challenges like high energy re...