there is a shortage of quantitative measures for assessing the concept of responsibility as a fundamental construct in medical education, ethics and professionalism in existing literature. this study aimed to develop an instrument for measuring responsibility in both undergraduate and graduate medical students during clinical training. instrument content was based on literature review and mainl...

The purpose of this study was to examine reliability and validity of a new method of measuring hand size in which a tape measure is wrapped around the hand in a figure-of-eight pattern. In the first experiment, two testers measured hand size in 60 individuals with no recent history of injury or surgery. Intraclass correlation coefficients of 0.99 and 0.97 indicated high intratester and intertes...

A variety of automatic and semiautomatic measuring devices with print-out, card-punch, and paper-tape capacity have been used in the analysis of lateral head radiographs, posteroanterior head radiographs, and oblique-jaw views. Such devices include the tape-printing GOAT ' the card punching GADRS-4 and GADRS5,T and the OSCAR.T These automatic measuring instruments have satisfactory readout accu...