The magnetization direction of a metallic magnet has generally been controlled by a magnetic field or by spin-current injection into nanosized magnetic cells. Both these methods use an electric current to control the magnetization direction; therefore, they are energy consuming. Magnetization control using an electric field is considered desirable because of its expected ultra-low power consump...

The electrocaloric effect (ECE) is the change in temperature and/or entropy of a dielectric material due to the electric field induced change of dipolar states. Electrocaloric effect in dielectrics is directly related to the polarization changes under electric field.[1-3,6] Hence a large polarization change is highly desirable in order to achieve a large ECE which renders the ferroelectric mate...

We report on the improved field emission performance of graphene foam (GF) following transient exposure to hydrogen plasma. The enhanced field emission mechanism associated with hydrogenation has been investigated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, plasma spectrophotometry, Raman spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The observed enhanced electron emissionhas been attribut...

on the source of plasma density and electric field perturbations in pmse and pmwe regionspolar mesospheric summer/winter echoes (pmse/pmwe) are very strong radar echoes produced by ionospheric electron density fluctuations at half the radar wavelength. the main focus of this paper is the altitude range 80 to 90 km in summer and altitude range 65-86 km in winter in the polar mesosphere . this pa...

in this paper, a rectangular sandwich plate with a constrained layer and an electrorheological (er) fluid core is investigated. the rectangular plate is covered an er fluid core and a constraining layer to improve the stability of the system. the two outer layers of the sandwich structure are elastic. the viscoelastic materials express the middle layer behavior under electric field and small st...

Electric field induced by charge oscillation has been investigated by simulation of the electric field distribution using the finite-difference frequency-domain method. In addition, the electric field was induced by spatial oscillation of a sample to which a DC voltage was applied. The simulation and evaluation of the electric field verified that the efficiency for inducing the electric field h...